INTELIGENCIA ARTIFICIAL EN EL DERECHO AMBIENTAL: UNA PERSPECTIVA BIBLIOMÉTRICA GLOBAL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18623/rvd.v22.n2.3353Palavras-chave:
Inteligencia Artificial, Derecho Ambiental, Gobernanza Sostenible, Medio AmbienteResumo
El uso de la inteligencia artificial (IA) en el Derecho ambiental ha emergido como una herramienta clave para modernizar la regulación y la gobernanza ecológica. Este estudio bibliométrico analiza la evolución, tendencias y vacíos en la producción científica sobre el uso de IA como instrumento regulatorio en contextos ambientales, a partir de 63 artículos indexados en Scopus entre 2016 y 2024. Se aplicó una estrategia de búsqueda avanzada y se utilizaron indicadores como volumen de publicaciones, países, instituciones, revistas, áreas temáticas y co-ocurrencia de palabras clave. El análisis reveló un crecimiento acelerado en los últimos años, con predominio de China y Estados Unidos. Las temáticas más abordadas giran en torno a la gobernanza algorítmica, el monitoreo ambiental automatizado y la gestión de la contaminación urbana. No obstante, se identifican vacíos importantes: escasa representación de estudios empíricos, concentración geográfica de la producción, y poca reflexión crítica sobre el impacto ambiental del desarrollo de la propia IA. Se concluye que, para avanzar hacia una regulación ambiental digital justa y sostenible, es necesario fortalecer los marcos normativos, ampliar la inclusión regional y fomentar investigaciones interdisciplinarias.
Referências
Bibri, S. E., Huang, J., & Krogstie, J. (2024). Artificial intelligence of things for synergizing smarter eco-city brain, metabolism, and platform: Pioneering data-driven environmental governance. Sustainable Cities and Society, 108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2024.105516
Camastra, F. D., & González, R. (2025). Artificial intelligence, sustainability and environmental impact. A narrative and bibliometric study. Región Científica. https://doi.org/10.58763/rc2025355
Camilleri, M. A. (2024). Artificial intelligence governance: Ethical considerations and implications for social responsibility. Expert Systems, 41(7). https://doi.org/10.1111/exsy.13406
Francisco, M., & Linnér, B. O. (2023). AI and the governance of sustainable development. An idea analysis of the European Union, the United Nations, and the World Economic Forum. Environmental Science and Policy, 150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2023.103590
Garske, B., Bau, A., & Ekardt, F. (2021). Digitalization and ai in European agriculture: A strategy for achieving climate and biodiversity targets? Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/su13094652
Hino, M., Benami, E., & Brooks, N. R. (2018). Machine learning for environmental monitoring. Nature Sustainability, 1(10), 583–588. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-018-0142-9
Huda, M., Awaludin, A., & Siregar, H. K. (2024). Legal Challenges in Regulating Artificial Intelligence: A Comparative Study of Privacy and Data Protection Laws. International Journal of Social and Human, 1(2), 116–125. https://doi.org/10.59613/g8dc9v94
Khajeh, S., & Nouhi, N. (2023). The Environmental Impacts of AI and Digital Technologies. AI and Tech in Behavioral and Social Sciences, 1(4), 11–18. https://doi.org/10.61838/kman.aitech.1.4.3
Lesnikowski, A. C., Belfer, E., Rodman, E., Smith, J., Biesbroek, R., Wilkerson, J. D., Ford, J. D., & Berrang-Ford, L. (2019). Frontiers in data analytics for adaptation research: Topic modeling. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change, 10(3). https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.576
Niazi, S. K. (2025). Regulatory Perspectives for AI/ML Implementation in Pharmaceutical GMP Environments. Pharmaceuticals, 18(6), 901. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph18060901
OECD. (2023). The State of Implementation of the OECD AI Principles: Four Years On. OECD. https://www.oecd.org/content/dam/oecd/en/publications/reports/2023/10/the-state-of-implementation-of-the-oecd-ai-principles-four-years-on_b9f13b5c/835641c9-en.pdf
Pagallo, U. (2025). On Twelve Shades of Green: Assessing the Levels of Environmental Protection in the Artificial Intelligence Act. Minds and Machines, 35(1), 10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11023-025-09713-4
Pagallo, U., Ciani Sciolla, J., & Durante, M. (2022). The environmental challenges of AI in EU law: lessons learned from the Artificial Intelligence Act (AIA) with its drawbacks. Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy, 16(3), 359–376. https://doi.org/10.1108/TG-07-2021-0121
Song, J., Chen, Y., & Luan, F. (2023). Air pollution, water pollution, and robots: Is technology the panacea. Journal of Environmental Management, 330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.117170
Tironi, M., & Rivera, D. I. (2023). Artificial intelligence in the new forms of environmental governance in the Chilean State: Towards an eco-algorithmic governance. Technology in Society, 74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2023.102264
UNESCO. (2021). Recommendation on the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence. UNESCO. https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/recommendation-ethics-artificial-intelligence
Valero-Ancco, V. N., Sosa, F., Lujano-Ortega, Y., & Calderón-Quino, K. M. (2025). Global Trends in Gender Inequality in Higher Education : A Bibliometric Analysis (1993–2024). Educational Process: International Journal, 14, e2025019. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.22521/edupij.2025.14.19
Vinuesa, R., Azizpour, H., Leite, I., Balaam, M., Dignum, V., Domisch, S., Felländer, A., Langhans, S. D., Tegmark, M., & Fuso Nerini, F. (2020). The role of artificial intelligence in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. Nature Communications, 11(1), 233. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-14108-y
Wani, A. K., Rahayu, F., Ben Amor, I., Quadir, M., Murianingrum, M., Parnidi, P., Ayub, A., Supriyadi, S., Sakiroh, S., Saefudin, S., Kumar, A., & Latifah, E. (2024). Environmental resilience through artificial intelligence: innovations in monitoring and management. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 31(12), 18379–18395. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-32404-z
Wu, T. (2023). Application and development of artificial intelligence in environmental health. Applied and Computational Engineering, 7(1), 35–40. https://doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/7/20230335
Yin, H., Pizzol, M., Bredahl Jacobsen, J. B., & Xu, L. (2018). Contingent valuation of health and mood impacts of PM2.5 in Beijing, China. Science of the Total Environment, 630, 1269–1282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.275
Yin, K., Cai, F., & Huang, C. (2023). How does artificial intelligence development affect green technology innovation in China? Evidence from dynamic panel data analysis. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30(10), 28066–28090. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-24088-0
Zhao, J., & Fariñas, B. G. (2022). Artificial Intelligence and Sustainable Decisions. European Business Organization Law Review, 24(1), 1–39. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40804-022-00262-2
Zhao, J., & Gómez, B. (2023). Artificial Intelligence and Sustainable Decisions. European Business Organization Law Review, 24(1), 1–39. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40804-022-00262-2
Zhao, Q., Jiang, M., Zhao, Z., Liu, F., & Zhou, L. (2024). The impact of green innovation on carbon reduction efficiency in China: Evidence from machine learning validation. Energy Economics, 133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2024.107525
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Submeto (emos) o presente trabalho, texto original e inédito, de minha (nossa) autoria, à avaliação de Veredas do Direito - Revista de Direito, e concordo (amos) que os direitos autorais a ele referentes se tornem propriedade exclusiva da Revista Veredas, sendo vedada qualquer reprodução total ou parcial, em qualquer outra parte ou outro meio de divulgação impresso ou eletrônico, dissociado de Veredas do Direito, sem que a necessária e prévia autorização seja solicitada por escrito e obtida junto ao Editor-gerente. Declaro (amos) ainda que não existe conflito de interesse entre o tema abordado, o (s) autor (es) e empresas, instituições ou indivíduos.
Reconheço (Reconhecemos) ainda que Veredas está licenciada sob uma LICENÇA CREATIVE COMMONS:
Licença Creative Commons Attribution 3.0
