THE IMPACT OF AMERICAN LEGISLATION ON GERMAN IMMIGRANTS AND THEIR POSITION DURING WORLD WAR I
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18623/rvd.v23.5415Keywords:
German Immigrants, Agriculture, Craftsmanship, Cultural Identity, Community CohesionAbstract
This research was conducted to study the economic and social role of German immigrants. It focused on their contributions to the development of agriculture by transferring their European expertise in grain cultivation and dairy production, which led to improved yields in several Midwestern states. It also highlighted the role played by German craftsmen in small and medium-sized industries, as they contributed to the establishment of workshops and factories and the development of new techniques in brewing, leather, and woodworking. The chapter emphasized the factors that made German immigrants an active element in the American economy, including their professional discipline, diverse skills, and strong community cohesion.
References
1- U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce. Statistical Abstract of the United States: 1910, Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1911.
2- U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce. Statistical Abstract of the United States: 1915, Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1916.
3- Shane O’Rourke, The Cossack, Manchester, Manchester University Press, 2007.
4- Michael Khodarkovsky, Russia’s Steppe Frontier: The Making of a Colonial Empire, 1500–1800, Bloomington, Indiana University Press, 2000.
5- Alisa Miller, Press - Journalism In the United States 1914-1918, Norwich University Press, 2003.
6- Joseph B. Neville Jr., German-America Writes Home, Vol. 49, 2014.
7- Niel M. Johnson, George Sylvester Viereck: Poet and Propagandist, Books at Iowa, No. 9 (Nov. 1968).
8- LaVern J. Rippley, Wisconsin German-Americans and World War I, Yearbook of German-American Studies, Vol. 50, 2015.
9- John F. Hutchinson, Champions of Charity: War and the Rise of the Red Cross, Boulder, Westview Press,1996.
10- Ryan W. Heyden, Toronto 1952, XVIIIth International Conference of the Red Cross: The German Red Cross and a Changing Humanitarian Landscape in the Early-Cold War, Mainz: IEG, 2019.
11- F.R.U.S, An appeal by the President of the United States to the citizens of the Republic, Washington, August 19, 1914, No.886.
12- F.R.U.S., Proclamation of August 4, 1914, with regard to the war between Austria-Hungary and Servia, Washington, August 4 , 1914, No. 885.
13- Albrecht Ritschl, Germanys Economy at War l 1914 – 1918 and Beyond, Humboldt University Press, Berlin , 2002.
14- United States. Immigration Commission, Dictionary of Races or Peoples, 1911.
15- United States. Immigration Commission, Abstracts of Reports of the Immigration Commission, Abstract of the report on Federal immigration legislation, 1911.
16- Prentiss C. Dodge, Encyclopedia, Vermont Biography Burlington, Ullery Publishing, 1912.
17- Leonard Schlup, William Paul Dillingham: A Vermont Republican in National Politics, Proceedings of the Vermont Historical Society 54, Winter 1986.
18- Gilder Lehrman Institute, The Dillingham Commission and the Immigration Question, 1907–1921; United States. Reports of the Immigration Commission: Abstracts of Reports of the Immigration Commission, with Conclusions and Recommendations and Views of the Minority, Vol. 1, Washington, 1911.
19- United States. House Committee on Immigration and Naturalization, Uniform Rule for the Naturalization of Aliens, Washington, 1906.
20- Christopher Clark, The Sleepwalkers: How Europe went to War in 1914 , Penguin uk Press, London , 2013.
21- United States. Bureau of Naturalization, Annual Report of the Commissioner of Naturalization, 1928.
22- Paul Miller, Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria-Este, International Encyclopedia of the First World War, Version 1.0, January 2017.
23- F. R.U.S. 1901 , Letter from Mr. White to Mr. Hay, Berlin, May 4, 1901, No. 153.
24- United States, Treaty with the King of Prussia (North German Confederation), February 22, 1868, United States Statutes at Large 15, 1868.
25- F. R.U.S., Letter from Mr. Hay to Mr. Jackson, Washington, April 16, 1901, No. 150.
26- United States. Congress. House, House Documents, Otherwise Publ. as Executive Documents, Washington, D.C., 1876.
27- F. R.U.S., Memorandum, Washington, May 27, 1901, No. 151.
28- F. R.U.S., Memorandum, Washington, April 16, 1901, No. 150.
29- United States. Congress, Uniform Rule for the Naturalization of Aliens: Hearing, 1906.
30- Abdel Aziz Suleiman Nawar and Mahmoud Mohamed Gamal El-Din, History of the United States of America from the Sixteenth Century to the Twentieth Century, Dar Al-Fikr Al-Arabi for Printing and Publishing, Cairo, 1999.
31- Abdel Fattah Abu Alia, History of the Americas and the Political Formation of the United States of America, Al-Marrekh Publishing House, Riyadh, 1987.
32- Shireen Saeed Shalaby, A Brief History of America, Bibliotheca Alexandrina, 2000.
33- Youssef Al-Bustani, The History of the First Balkan War: Between the Aaliyah State and the Balkan Confederation of Bulgarians, Serbs, Greece and Montenegro, Hindawi Printing and Publishing Foundation, Cairo, 2014.
34- Jalal Yahya, Modern and Contemporary European History until the First World War, Modern University Office, Alexandria, 1998.
35- Neil M., World War I, translated by: Hassan Aweidah, Abu Dhabi Tourism and Culture Authority, 2012.
36- Abdel Fattah Abu Alia and Ismail Ahmed Yaghi, Modern and Contemporary History of Europe, Dar Al-Mareekh Publishing, Riyadh, 1979.
37- Moussa Mohamed Al-Tuwairish, The Contemporary World Between Two Wars from World War I to the Cold War 1914-1991, Jaafar Al-Essami Press for Modern Art Printing, Cairo, 2009.
38- George F. Kinnan, American Diplomacy, translated by: Abdul Karim Al-Mallah, Damascus Printing and Publishing House, Damascus, 1988.
39- Haidar Sabri Shaker Al-Khayqani, History of Europe from the Beginning of the First World War to the End of the Second World War 1914-1945, Al-Mezan Press, Najaf, 2014.
40- Muhammad Hamza Hussein and Lubna Riyad Al-Rifai, History of the Contemporary World, University of Mosul, 1st Edition, 2015.
41- Omar Abdel Aziz Omar, Modern and Contemporary History of Europe (1815-1919), Alexandria, Dar Al-Maarifa University, 2000.
42- Sidney Bradshaw, The Causes of the First World War Before the Sarajevo Tragedy, translated by: Mahmoud Ibrahim El-Desouki, Al-Itimada Publications, Cairo, 1932.
43- Riad Al-Samad, International Relations between the Two Wars 1914-1945, University Foundation for Studies, Publishing and Distribution, Cairo, 1983.
44- Mamdouh Nassar and Ahmed Wahban, Diplomatic History: Political Relations between the Great Powers 1815-1991, Alexandria University Press, Alexandria, (d.t.).
45- Philip Taylor, Brain-Bombing: Propaganda for War from the Old World to the Nuclear Age, translated by: Sami Khashba, World of Knowledge, Kuwait, 2000.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
I (we) submit this article which is original and unpublished, of my (our) own authorship, to the evaluation of the Veredas do Direito Journal, and agree that the related copyrights will become exclusive property of the Journal, being prohibited any partial or total copy in any other part or other printed or online communication vehicle dissociated from the Veredas do Direito Journal, without the necessary and prior authorization that should be requested in writing to Editor in Chief. I (we) also declare that there is no conflict of interest between the articles theme, the author (s) and enterprises, institutions or individuals.
I (we) recognize that the Veredas do Direito Journal is licensed under a CREATIVE COMMONS LICENSE.
Licença Creative Commons Attribution 3.0




