ECOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT AND LEGAL FRAMEWORKS FOR FOREST BIO-RESOURCES IN EASTERN POLESIE: INTEGRATING Vaccinium myrtillus AND Aronia melanocarpa INTO EU BIODIVERSITY FRAMEWORKS AND INTERNATIONAL FOOD SAFETY STANDARDS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18623/rvd.v23.5402Palavras-chave:
Ecological Management, Forest Bio-Resources, Codex Alimentarius, EU Biodiversity Strategy, Emerald NetworkResumo
A gestão sustentável dos biorrecursos florestais na Polésia Oriental (Ucrânia) exige uma abordagem jurídica e ecológica complexa para atender aos padrões globais. Este estudo avalia a integração da espécie nativa Vaccinium myrtillus L. e da introduzida Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott nos quadros de biodiversidade da UE e nos protocolos internacionais de segurança alimentar. Com base em extensas pesquisas de campo nos distritos florestais de Nevklia e Tupychiv, estabelecemos que a produtividade do mirtilo em associações de Molinio-Pinetum atinge 550 kg/ha, enquanto as plantações intensivas de A. melanocarpa rendem até 5.000 kg/ha. A análise ecotoxicológica verificou que as concentrações de Chumbo (Pb) e Cádmio (Cd) nos frutos e ramos de ambas as espécies (0,030–0,033 mg/kg de peso seco) são 10 a 15 vezes inferiores aos Níveis Máximos (MLs) estabelecidos pelo Codex Alimentarius (CXS 193-1995, 2025). Além disso, a presença de orquídeas raras protegidas pela Convenção CITES e pelo Livro Vermelho da Ucrânia em áreas florestais manejadas confirma a segurança ecológica deste modelo de "recurso duplo". Os resultados fornecem uma base regulatória e metodológica robusta para a gestão ecológica de empresas florestais na Rede Emerald, garantindo a conformidade com a Estratégia de Biodiversidade da UE para 2030 e os requisitos internacionais de GACP.
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