ENGLISH TEACHING STRATEGIES FOR PAKISTANI AUTISTIC LEARNERS

Autores/as

  • Khalid Ahmed INTI International University https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0378-1896
  • Irfan Abbas University of Central Punjab
  • Ambur Hayat University of Central Punjab
  • Afaq Ahmed Khan University of Central Punjab
  • Saadia Ali University of Central Punjab
  • Ruqia Saba Ashraf The Women University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18623/rvd.v23.4303

Palabras clave:

Autism Spectrum Disorder, Inclusive Education, Language Teaching, Special Education

Resumen

This qualitative research study aimed to examine the problems faced by teachers and practitioners in implementing inclusive education while teaching language to children with autism in an EAP classroom. Data were collected through thirty semi-structured interviews (n = 30) from experienced instructors currently working with autistic children and then qualitatively analysed by employing thematic analysis. The thematic analysis helped to codify the whole data into eight different categories i.e., Cognitive processing delays,Social skills deficits, Behavioural issues, lack of fine-motor skills, lack of gross-motor skills, language learning issues, importance of games play, and family & peer roles. Findings reveal that traditional teaching methods are often ineffective, prompting educators to adopt innovative approaches that incorporate play, sensory activities, and parental involvement. The research underscores the importance of creating a supportive and inclusive educational environment that accommodates the unique learning needs of children with ASD. By examining the experiences and strategies of educators in Abbottabad, this study contributes valuable insights into the challenges and opportunities in teaching English to autistic children, offering implications for practice and future research.

Citas

AHMED, K.; ALI, S.; HABIB, M. A.; KHALEEL, B.; KHAN, N. A.; ASHRAF, R. S. Pragmatic perception of politeness in disagreement by Pakistani ESL learners. Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Science, v. 22, n. 2, p. 10889–10913, 2024. DOI: 10.57239/PJLSS-2024-22.2.00822

AHMED, Z.; AHMED, K.; et al. Manipulation of Pakistani women through skin-whitening advertising discourse. In: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2019 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF MANAGEMENT ENGINEERING, SOFTWARE ENGINEERING AND SERVICE SCIENCES. New York: ACM, 2019. p. 107–111. DOI: 10.1145/3312662.3312705

AHMED, Z.; SU, L.; AHMED, K. Pakistani youth manipulated through night-packages advertising discourse. Human Systems Management, v. 36, n. 2, p. 151–162, 2017. DOI: 10.3233/HSM-171762

BENSON, P.; KARLOF, K. L.; SIPERSTEIN, G. N. Maternal involvement in the education of young children with autism spectrum disorders. Autism, v. 12, n. 1, p. 47–63, 2008. DOI: 10.1177/1362361307085267

CALLAHAN, K.; SHUKLA-MEHTA, S.; MAGEE, S.; WIE, M. ABA versus TEACCH: the case for defining and validating comprehensive treatment models in autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, v. 40, n. 1, p. 74–88, 2010. DOI: 10.1007/s10803-009-0834-0

GROSS motor skills: what you need to know. Understood Team, [s.d.]. Disponível em: https://www.understood.org. Acesso em: 10 jan. 2026.

HOLLOWAY, J.; HEALY, O.; DWYER, M.; LYDON, S. Social skills deficits in children with autism spectrum disorders: evidence-based interventions. In: PATEL, V.; PREEDY, V.; MARTIN, C. (org.). Comprehensive guide to autism. Cham: Springer, 2014. p. 1–15.

IOVANNONE, R.; DUNLAP, G.; HUBER, H.; KINCAID, D. Effective educational practices for students with autism spectrum disorders. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, v. 18, n. 3, p. 150–165, 2003. DOI: 10.1177/10883576030180030301

JENSEN, P.; SPANNAGEL, S. The spectrum of autism spectrum disorder: a spectrum of needs, services, and challenges. Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy, v. 41, n. 1, p. 49–56, 2011. DOI: 10.1007/s10879-010-9163-z

KASARI, C.; ROTHERAM-FULLER, E. Peer relationships of children with autism: challenges and interventions. In: HOLLANDER, E.; ANAGNOSTOU, E. (org.). Clinical manual for the treatment of autism. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing, 2007. p. 235–257.

KHALEEL, B.; NORDIN, U. K. U. M.; AHMED, K.; ANJUM, E. Societal stigmatization and support mechanism for rape victims: an analysis of linguistic features of rape judgments in Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Science, v. 22, n. 2, p. 980–994, 2024. DOI: 10.57239/PJLSS-2024-22.2.0069

KIM, W.; KEEFE, R. H. Barriers to healthcare among Asian Americans. Social Work in Public Health, v. 25, n. 3, p. 286–295, 2010. DOI: 10.1080/19371910903240704

KITZHABER, S. Interventions for multicultural children with autism. St. Paul: St. Catherine University Repository, 2012.

KOEGEL, L. K.; CARTER, C. M.; KOEGEL, R. L. Teaching children with autism self-initiations as a pivotal response. Topics in Language Disorders, v. 23, n. 2, p. 134–145, 2003. DOI: 10.1097/00011363-200304000-00006

LANGUAGE development: children with ASD. Raising Children Network (Australia), [s.d.]. Disponível em: https://raisingchildren.net.au. Acesso em: 10 jan. 2026.

LINDSAY, S.; PROULX, M.; SCOTT, H.; THOMSON, N. Exploring teachers' strategies for including children with autism spectrum disorder in mainstream classrooms. International Journal of Inclusive Education, v. 18, n. 2, p. 101–122, 2014. DOI: 10.1080/13603116.2012.758320

MCLENNAN, J. D.; HUCULAK, S.; SHEEHAN, D. Pilot investigation of service receipt by young children with autistic spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, v. 38, n. 7, p. 1192–1196, 2008. DOI: 10.1007/s10803-007-0533-7

ONCHWARI, G.; ONCHWARI, J. A.; KEENGWE, J. Teaching the immigrant child: application of child development theories. Early Childhood Education Journal, v. 36, n. 3, p. 267–273, 2008. DOI: 10.1007/s10643-008-0269-9

PRELOCK, P. J.; NELSON, N. W.; NELSON, N. W. Language and communication in autism: an integrated view. Pediatric Clinics of North America, v. 59, n. 1, p. 129–145, 2012.

RAVET, J. Inclusive/exclusive? Contradictory perspectives on autism and inclusion: the case for an integrative position. International Journal of Inclusive Education, v. 15, n. 6, p. 667–682, 2011. DOI: 10.1080/13603110903294377

SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH IN CHILD DEVELOPMENT. Cognitive skills in children with autism vary and improve, study finds. ScienceDaily, 16 Sept. 2010. Disponível em: https://www.sciencedaily.com. Acesso em: 10 jan. 2026.

SUNDBERG, M. L.; PARTINGTON, J. W. Teaching language to children with autism and other developmental disabilities. Pleasant Hill: behaviour Analysts, 1998.

THOMAS, K. C.; ELLIS, A. R.; MCLAURIN, C.; DANIELS, J.; MORRISSEY, J. P. Access to care for autism-related services. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, v. 37, n. 10, p. 1902–1912, 2007. DOI: 10.1007/s10803-006-0323-7

VIJAYARATNAM, P.; AKHI, M. K.; MOHIUDDIN, M. G.; ALI, Z. B.; MANOOCHERZADEH, M.; RAJANTHRAN, S. K. The impact of watching English cartoons on preschoolers’ language acquisition and behavioural development in Dhaka. Forum for Linguistic Studies, v. 7, n. 1, p. 626–639, 2025. DOI:10.30564/fls.v7i1.6819

WILDER, L. K.; DYCHES, T. T.; OBIAKOR, F. E.; ALGOZZINE, B. Multicultural perspectives on teaching students with autism. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, v. 19, n. 2, p. 105–113, 2004. DOI: 10.1177/10883576040190020501

WIDER, W.; TANUCAN, J. C. M.; TEE, M.; JIANG, L.; UDANG, L. N.; FAUZI, M. A.; HASSAN, V.; MUNA, F. Research trends in inclusive education for students with disabilities: a bibliometric analysis. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 2025. DOI: 10.1080/13603116.2025.2495819

Descargas

Publicado

2026-03-23

Cómo citar

Ahmed, K., Abbas, I., Hayat, A., Khan, A. A., Ali, S., & Ashraf, R. S. (2026). ENGLISH TEACHING STRATEGIES FOR PAKISTANI AUTISTIC LEARNERS. Veredas Do Direito, 23(5), e234303. https://doi.org/10.18623/rvd.v23.4303