PLATFORM SOVEREIGNTY AND LEGAL REFORM IN INDONESIA: ALIGNING WITH GLOBAL FOR A DIGITAL FUTURE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18623/rvd.v22.n3.3384Keywords:
Publisher Rights, DMA, DSA, Antitrust, Digital Platforms, Hybrid Regulatory ModelAbstract
Indonesia is entering a critical stage in its transition to digitally integrated economy, yet its regulatory frameworks remain insufficient to address the structural dominance of global digital platforms. Presidential Regulation Np.32/2024 on Publisher Rights (Perpres 32/2024) was introduced to establish more balanced economic relationship between local media and digital platforms. However, the absence of clear implementation mechanism has rendered the regulation largely ineffective. At the same time, the Law No. 5/1999 on Antitrust relies on ex-post mechanism and ill-equipped to content asymmetric power in platform-mediated advertising, algorithmic content control, and data mining. Drawing on international comparative models such as European Union’s Digital market Acts (DMA) and Digital Services Act (DSA), Germany’s competition law reform, and Australia’s News Media Bargaining Code (NMBC), this article argues for hybrid regulatory approach that employs ex-ante obligations alongside media-sector protections. It proposes five key reforms: modernization of Indonesia’s antitrust law to include digital-specific provisions, replacement of Perpres 32/2024 with binding Publisher Rights law, establishment national digital markets authority, cross sectoral harmonization, and capacity building for local media and SMEs. The article concludes that integrated legal reforms across competition, and data governance is essential for Indonesia to achieve digital sovereignty, ensure equitable value distribution in platforms ecosystem, and sustain a diverse and competitive media sector.
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