THAILAND'S INVASIVE SPECIES LEGAL GAP: A CASE STUDY OF THE BLACKCHIN TILAPIA (SAROTHERODON MELANOTHERON)

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18623/rvd.v23.6071

Palavras-chave:

Aquatic Animals, Biosecurity, Legal Framework, Precautionary Principle, Thailand

Resumo

Resumo

A Tailândia tem enfrentado dificuldades para controlar as espécies exóticas invasoras (EEI), que estão entre os cinco vetores mais críticos da perda global de biodiversidade. Apesar de ser um hotspot de biodiversidade de vital importância, a Tailândia carece de uma lei específica sobre EEI, o que tem levado a inúmeras crises ecológicas e econômicas. No esforço de examinar este problema, os autores adotaram uma abordagem qualitativa de pesquisa documental, combinando a análise dogmática do direito com um estudo de caso do surto da tilápia-de-queixo-preto (Sarotherodon melanotheron) na Tailândia. A análise jurídica comparada foi empregada para comparar os arcabouços legislativos da Tailândia e do Japão. A análise revelou três falhas estruturais interconectadas, quais sejam: (1) o sistema de "blacklist" (lista de espécies proibidas) torna possível a importação de qualquer espécie ainda não formalmente regulamentada — ato que se opõe ao Princípio da Precaução; (2) a autoridade institucional é fragmentada entre as agências aduaneiras, pesqueiras e pecuárias, resultando em lacunas de fiscalização; e (3) a definição legal de "poluição" não se estende às invasões biológicas, restringindo as disposições de responsabilidade objetiva por danos causados por EEI. Em contrapartida, o sistema japonês de UAS (Uncategorized Alien Species — Espécies Exóticas Não Categorizadas) oferece um modelo proativo superior. Este artigo oferece uma perspectiva jurídica crítica sobre a lacuna legal tailandesa em matéria de EEI, apresentando ideias práticas para emendas legislativas, com processos e sugestões específicos.

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Publicado

2026-05-22

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Phuput, P., Weeraphan, P., & Seehawattana, A. (2026). THAILAND’S INVASIVE SPECIES LEGAL GAP: A CASE STUDY OF THE BLACKCHIN TILAPIA (SAROTHERODON MELANOTHERON). Veredas Do Direito , 23(8), e236071. https://doi.org/10.18623/rvd.v23.6071