DESIGN AND VALIDATION OF A MULTI-INTERACTION-BASED AUGMENTED REALITY LEARNING MODEL TO OVERCOME ABSTRACTNESS IN PHYSICS CONCEPTS AT THE SECONDARY EDUCATION LEVEL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18623/rvd.v22.n2.3461Palavras-chave:
Augmented Reality, Conceptual Understanding, Multi-Interaction Learning Model, Physics Education, Secondary EducationResumo
This study aims to test the effectiveness of Augmented Reality (AR)-based learning models with a multi-interaction approach in improving the quality of physics learning, especially in wave and force materials. Using a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest control group, the study involved high school students who were divided into experimental and control groups. Data was collected through concept comprehension tests, motivational questionnaires, inquiry engagement observation sheets, and student and teacher responses. The results of the study showed that the AR-based model significantly improved students' understanding of concepts, as seen from the increase in posttest scores. In addition, students in the experimental group showed higher learning motivation, involvement in scientific inquiry, and positive perception of learning than the control group. This model facilitates the interactive visualization of abstract concepts and supports a variety of learning styles through simulations and collaborative activities. Teachers also responded positively, assessing this model as technologically relevant and effective for learning differentiation. Although additional technical training is needed, this model is considered feasible to be applied in the context of 21st-century learning. The results of this study support the integration of AR as an innovative strategy in physics learning that is more contextual, participatory, and student-centered.
Referências
Abdallah, M., Sawalhi, G., Mazhar, A., AlRifaee, M., & Salah, M. (2024). Factors Influencing the Quality of Augmented Reality Applications. Procedia Computer Science, 251, 150–156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2024.11.095
Abdullah, N., Baskaran, V. L., Mustafa, Z., Ali, S. R., & Zaini, S. H. (2022). Augmented Reality: The Effect on Students’ Achievement, Satisfaction, and Interest in Science Education. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 21(5), 326–350. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.21.5.17
Agbo, F. J., Olaleye, S. A., Bower, M., & Oyelere, S. S. (2023). Examining the relationships between students’ perceptions of technology, pedagogy, and cognition: the case of immersive virtual reality mini games to foster computational thinking in higher education. Smart Learning Environments, 10(1), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-023-00233-1
Al-Ansi, A. M., Jaboob, M., Garad, A., & Al-Ansi, A. (2023). Analyzing augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) recent development in education. Social Sciences and Humanities Open, 8(1), 100532. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100532
Al-Masarweh, D. R. Y. (2021). A Review of Augmented Reality in Physics Education and Physics Laboratory Experiments (Applications, Advantages, Challenges). Turkish Online Journal of Qualitative Inquiry, 12(9), 2593–2614. https://www.tojqi.net/journal/article/view/6129
Altinpulluk, H. (2019). Determining the trends of using augmented reality in education between 2006-2016. Education and Information Technologies, 24(2), 1089–1114. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-018-9806-3
Alzahrani, N. M. (2020). Augmented reality: A systematic review of its benefits and challenges in e-learning contexts. Applied Sciences (Switzerland), 10(16). https://doi.org/10.3390/app10165660
Amna Saleem, Huma Kausar, & Farah Deeba. (2021). Social Constructivism: A New Paradigm in Teaching and Learning Environment. Perennial Journal of History, 2(2), 403–421. https://doi.org/10.52700/pjh.v2i2.86
Ansori, I., Arianto, F., & Khotimah, K. (2025). The Effectiveness of Augmented Reality on Students ’ Higher Order Thinking Skills ( HOTS ) in Geography A Introduction Higher Order Thinking Skills ( HOTS ) has become a pivotal focus in the Merdeka Curriculum of Indonesia, reflecting the national comm. 6(1), 448–464.
Astuti, I. A. D., Wibawa, B., & Siregar, E. (2024). The Influence of Augmented Reality (AR)-Based Learning Media in Physics Learning: A Systematic Literature Review (Issue Icliqe). Atlantis Press SARL. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-301-6_75
Bacca, J., Baldiris, S., Fabregat, R., Graf, S., & Kinshuk. (2014). Augmented reality trends in education: A systematic review of research and applications. Educational Technology and Society, 17(4), 133–149.
Bizami, N. A., Tasir, Z., & Kew, S. N. (2023). Innovative pedagogical principles and technological tools capabilities for immersive blended learning: a systematic literature review. In Education and Information Technologies (Vol. 28, Issue 2). Springer US. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11243-w
Bouchey, B., Castek, J., & Thygeson, J. (2021). Multimodal Learning. 35–54. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58948-6_3
Bower, M., Howe, C., McCredie, N., Robinson, A., & Grover, D. (2014). Augmented Reality in education - cases, places and potentials. Educational Media International, 51(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/09523987.2014.889400
Brannon Barhorst, J., McLean, G., Shah, E., & Mack, R. (2021). Blending the real world and the virtual world: Exploring the role of flow in augmented reality experiences. Journal of Business Research, 122, 423–436. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.08.041
Cai, S., Niu, X., Wen, Y., & Li, J. (2023). Interaction analysis of teachers and students in inquiry class learning based on augmented reality by iFIAS and LSA. Interactive Learning Environments, 31(9), 5551–5567. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2021.2012808
Cao, W., & Yu, Z. (2023). The impact of augmented reality on student attitudes, motivation, and learning achievements—a meta-analysis (2016–2023). Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 10(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-023-01852-2
Cheng, K. H., & Tsai, C. C. (2013). Affordances of Augmented Reality in Science Learning: Suggestions for Future Research. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 22(4), 449–462. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-012-9405-9
Claudia Wang, Zhang, M., Sesunan, A., & Yolanda, L. (2023). Peran Teknologi dalam Transformasi Pendidikan di Indonesia. Kemdikbud, 4(2), 1–7.
Cleaver, S., Detrich, R., States, J., & Keyworth, R. (2021). Curriculum Content for Teacher Training ( Wing Institute Original Paper ). ResearchGate The Wing Institute, June, 1–30. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.14727669
Delgado-kloos, M. I. C. (2018). Augmented reality for science learning: A systematic review. Computers and Education, 123, 109–123.
Dewantara, K. (2015). Pendidikan di Indonesia. Pendidkan, 1(2), 15–32.
Dou, A., Xu, W., & Xu, L. (2025). Interactive Learning Environments: A Systematic Review of Mobile Instant Messaging’s Impact, Challenges, and Future Trajectories. International Journal of E-Collaboration, 21(1). https://doi.org/10.4018/IJeC.369815
Duit, R., & Treagust, D. F. (2003). Conceptual change: A powerful framework for improving science teaching and learning. International Journal of Science Education, 25(6), 671–688. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500690305016
Duit, R., Treagust, D. F., & Widodo, A. (2013). Teaching science for conceptual change: Theory and practice. International Handbook of Research on Conceptual Change, March 2017, 487–503. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203154472
Fidan, M., & Tuncel, M. (2019). Integrating augmented reality into problem-based learning: The effects on learning achievement and attitude in physics education. Computers and Education, 142(July), 103635. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2019.103635
Fitri, U., Amini, R., Zulkarnaini, A. P., & Media, A. (2025). The Use of Augmented Reality in Science Learning To Improve Motivation and Understanding of Science Concepts Among Elementary School Students. SCIENCE : Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Matematika Dan IPA, 5(1), 417–424. https://doi.org/10.51878/science.v5i1.4732
Gao, L., Wang, C., & Wu, G. (2024). Wearable Biosensor Smart Glasses Based on Augmented Reality and Eye Tracking. Sensors, 24(20). https://doi.org/10.3390/s24206740
Garzón, J., Pavón, J., & Baldiris, S. (2019). Systematic review and meta-analysis of augmented reality in educational settings. Virtual Reality, 23(4), 447–459. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10055-019-00379-9
Gherghel, C., Yasuda, S., & Kita, Y. (2023). Interaction during online classes fosters engagement with learning and self-directed study, both in the first and second years of the COVID-19 pandemic. Computers and Education, 200(December 2022), 104795. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2023.104795
Huang, H. M., & Liaw, S. S. (2018). An analysis of learners’ intentions toward virtual reality learning based on constructivist and technology acceptance approaches. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 19(1), 91–115. https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v19i1.2503
Huang, H. M., Liaw, S. S., & Lai, C. M. (2016). Exploring learner acceptance of the use of virtual reality in medical education: a case study of desktop and projection-based display systems. Interactive Learning Environments, 24(1), 3–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2013.817436
Ibanez, M. B., Di-Serio, A., & Delgado-Kloos, C. (2014). Gamification for engaging computer science students in learning activities: A case study. IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies, 7(3), 291–301. https://doi.org/10.1109/TLT.2014.2329293
Jesionkowska, J., Wild, F., & Deval, Y. (2020). Active learning augmented reality for STEM education—a case study. Education Sciences, 10(8), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci10080198
Joshua Chukwuemeka, E., Abdullateef Eyitayo, B., Hammed Ajani, A., Emeka Joshua, C., Adedeji Hammed, A., & Samaila, D. (2020). A Review of Instructional Models for Effective Teacher Education and Technology Integration. Sumerian Journal of Education, Linguistics and Literature, 3(6), 2617–1732.
Kairu, C. (2021). Augmented Reality and Its Influence on Cognitive Thinking in Learning. American Journal of Educational Research, 9(8), 504–512. https://doi.org/10.12691/education-9-8-6
Koumpouros, Y. (2024). Revealing the true potential and prospects of augmented reality in education. Smart Learning Environments, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-023-00288-0
Mayer, R. E. (2012). A Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning. Multimedia Learning, July, 41–62. https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139164603.004
Mayer, R. E., & Johnson, C. I. (2008). Revising the Redundancy Principle in Multimedia Learning. Journal of Educational Psychology, 100(2), 380–386. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.100.2.380
Moreno, R., & Mayer, R. (2007). Interactive multimodal learning environments: Special issue on interactive learning environments: Contemporary issues and trends. Educational Psychology Review, 19(3), 309–326. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-007-9047-2
Mualem, R., & Eylon, B.-S. (2007). “Physics with a Smile”—Explaining Phenomena with a Qualitative Problem-Solving Strategy. The Physics Teacher, 45(3), 158–163. https://doi.org/10.1119/1.2709674
Müller, J. G.-. (n.d.). Unlocking Augmented Reality Learning Design Based on Evidence From Empirical Cognitive Load Studies: Systematic Literature Review.
O’Connor, Y., & Mahony, C. (2023). Exploring the impact of augmented reality on student academic self-efficacy in higher education. Computers in Human Behavior, 149(September), 107963. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2023.107963
Opiyo, E. Z., & Horváth, I. (2010). Towards an interactive spatial product visualisation: A comparative analysis of prevailing 3D visualisation paradigms. In International Journal of Product Development (Vol. 11, Issues 1–2, pp. 6–24). https://doi.org/10.1504/IJPD.2010.032987
Ozdemir, M., Sahin, C., Arcagok, S., & Demir, M. K. (2018). Öğrenme sürecinde artırılmış gerçeklik uygulamalarının etkililiği: Bir meta-analiz çalısması. Egitim Arastirmalari - Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 2018(74), 165–186. https://doi.org/10.14689/ejer.2018.74.9
Pierson, A. E., Clark, D. B., & Brady, C. E. (2021). Scientific modeling and translanguaging: A multilingual and multimodal approach to support science learning and engagement. Science Education, 105(4), 776–813. https://doi.org/10.1002/sce.21622
Radu, I., Huang, X., Kestin, G., & Schneider, B. (2023). How augmented reality influences student learning and inquiry styles: A study of 1-1 physics remote AR tutoring. Computers and Education: X Reality, 2(November 2022), 100011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cexr.2023.100011
Rahmat, A. D., Kuswanto, H., Wilujeng, I., Purwasih, D., Yogyakarta, U. N., & Yogyakarta, U. N. (2024). The effects of augmented reality technology on learning achievement and attitude toward physics education. 9.
Reyaz Ahmad Bhat. (2023). The Impact of Technology Integration on Student Learning Outcomes: A Comparative Study. International Journal of Social Science, Educational, Economics, Agriculture Research and Technology (IJSET), 2(9), 592–596. https://doi.org/10.54443/ijset.v2i9.218
Robert Maribe Branch. (2009). Approach, Instructional Design: The ADDIE. In Department of Educational Psychology and Instructional Technology University of Georgia (Vol. 53, Issue 9).
Rohmah, R. (2017). Miskonsepsi dalam Pembelajaran Sains. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains, 5(1), 45–53.
RYANS, D. G. (1955). Educational psychology. Annual Review of Psychology, 6, 431–454. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ps.06.020155.002243
Saidin, N. F., Halim, N. D. A., & Yahaya, N. (2015). A review of research on augmented reality in education: Advantages and applications. International Education Studies, 8(13), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v8n13p1
Sesmiyanti, S., Antika, R., & Suharni, S. (2019). N-Gain Algorithm for Analysis of Basic Reading. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.19-7-2019.2289527
Sung, Y. T., Chang, K. E., & Liu, T. C. (2016). The effects of integrating mobile devices with teaching and learning on students’ learning performance: A meta-analysis and research synthesis. Computers and Education, 94, 252–275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2015.11.008
Syskowski, S., Wilfinger, S., & Huwer, J. (2024). Impact and Classification of Augmented Reality in Science Experiments in Teaching—A Review. Education Sciences, 14(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14070760
Tindan, T. N., & Arthur, J. M. (2024). Understanding senior high school students’ difficulties in learning physics. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Growth Evaluation, 5(2), 494–498.
Vidak, A., Movre Šapić, I., Mešić, V., & Gomzi, V. (2024). Augmented reality technology in teaching about physics: a systematic review of opportunities and challenges. European Journal of Physics, 45(2). https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6404/ad0e84
Wang, P., Li, L., Wang, R., Xu, G., & Zhang, J. (2021). Socially-driven multi-interaction attentive group representation learning for group recommendation. Pattern Recognition Letters, 145, 74–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patrec.2021.02.007
Warkentin, M., Altmeyer, K., Liang, Y., Steinmacher, B., Gränz, B., Lichtenberger, A., Küchemann, S., Kuhn, J., & Hoyer, C. (2025). Hands-on Experiment Supported by Augmented Reality Smartglasses for Learning the Lorentz Force. 1–20. http://arxiv.org/abs/2502.06421
Waxman, J. B., & Goldie, S. (2009). Create Blueprint Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning. Center for Health Decision Science, Mayer, 1–4.
Wen, Y., Wu, L., He, S., Ng, N. H. E., Teo, B. C., Looi, C. K., & Cai, Y. (2023). Integrating augmented reality into an inquiry-based learning approach in primary science classrooms. Educational Technology Research and Development, 71(4), 1631–1651. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-023-10235-y
Yang, K., Zhou, X., & Radu, I. (2020). XR-Ed Framework: Designing Instruction-driven and Learner-centered Extended Reality Systems for Education. http://arxiv.org/abs/2010.13779
Yildirim, O. (2008). Vygotsky's Sociocultural Theory and Dynamics. Anadolu University Journal of Social Sciences, 8(1), 301–308.
Yoon, B. (2021). Toward Equity-Based Pedagogy: Monolingual Teachers’ Transformative Thinking Process. Beijing International Review of Education, 3(3), 387–406. https://doi.org/10.1163/25902539-03030010
Yoon, S., Anderson, E., Lin, J., & Elinich, K. (2017). How augmented reality enables conceptual understanding of challenging science content. Educational Technology and Society, 20(1), 156–168.
Zhao, X., Ren, Y., & Cheah, K. S. L. (2023). Leading Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) in Education: Bibliometric and Content Analysis From the Web of Science (2018–2022). SAGE Open, 13(3), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440231190821
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Submeto (emos) o presente trabalho, texto original e inédito, de minha (nossa) autoria, à avaliação de Veredas do Direito - Revista de Direito, e concordo (amos) que os direitos autorais a ele referentes se tornem propriedade exclusiva da Revista Veredas, sendo vedada qualquer reprodução total ou parcial, em qualquer outra parte ou outro meio de divulgação impresso ou eletrônico, dissociado de Veredas do Direito, sem que a necessária e prévia autorização seja solicitada por escrito e obtida junto ao Editor-gerente. Declaro (amos) ainda que não existe conflito de interesse entre o tema abordado, o (s) autor (es) e empresas, instituições ou indivíduos.
Reconheço (Reconhecemos) ainda que Veredas está licenciada sob uma LICENÇA CREATIVE COMMONS:
Licença Creative Commons Attribution 3.0




