THE LEGAL IMPERATIVE OF ADVERSARIALITY IN CIVIL PROCEDURE: ENSURING FAIR TRIAL STANDARDS IN VIETNAM

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18623/rvd.v22.n2.3467

Keywords:

Civil Matters, Adversarial Principle, Litigant Rights, Comparative Law, Legal Analysis

Abstract

 This article explores the crucial question of whether Vietnam's 2015 Civil Procedure Code effectively guarantees adversarial proceedings in civil matters. Using the methodology of legal analysis and comparative study, this study examined how the adversarial principle is applied in practice. The guiding approach for the study was informed by the paradox of whether the scales of justice are truly balanced. We scrutinize the current legal provisions, revealing their limitations and shortcomings, as well as areas where the system falls short of its intended purpose. Beyond simply identifying problems, this research sought to offer constructive solutions. We propose concrete recommendations to strengthen the legal framework, ensuring that the rights and interests of those involved in civil disputes are genuinely protected. We strive for a system that promotes fairness and transparency, where justice is done and seen to be done. Ultimately, this work contributes to the ongoing effort to reform legal regulations and refine civil litigation practices in Vietnam, fostering a more equitable and accessible justice system for all. The goal is to bridge the gap between legal theory and practical reality, resolving civil disputes a more just and efficient process.

References

Communist Party of Vietnam. 2002. "Resolution No. 08-NQ/TW on a Number of Key Tasks of Judicial Work in the Coming Time." Accessed [2 April, 2025]. https://vbpl.vn/hanoi/Pages/vbpqen-toanvan.aspx?ItemID=10293.

Communist Party of Vietnam. 2005. "Resolution No. 49-NQ/TW on the Judicial Reform Strategy until 2020." June 2.

Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (2013).

Law on Organization of People's Courts (2014).

Law on Organization of People's Courts (2024) (Effective from January 1, 2025).

Supreme People's Court Judicial Council. 2021. "Cassation Decision No. 04/2021/HNGĐ-GĐT on the Request for Annulment of an Unlawful Marriage." July 7. Accessed March 15, 2025. https://anle.toaan.gov.vn/webcenter/portal/anle/chitietnguonanle?dDocName=TAND199021.

Binh, T. H. 2014. “Enhancing the quality of adversarial proceedings in court: A breakthrough solution for the People's Court to effectively fulfill its mission of protecting justice, human rights, and legitimate rights and interests of individuals and organizations.” Journal of the People's Court, (21).

Cavallini, C., & Cirillo, S. 2022. “Reducing disparities in civil procedure systems: towards a global semi-adversarial model.” Fla. J. Int'l L., 34, 99.

Ha, P. T. T. 2023. “Adversarial Proceedings in Vietnam's Civil Procedure (Doctoral dissertation)”. Hanoi Law University.

Ky, V. M. 2018. “The Vietnamese Criminal Justice: The Introduction of Adversarial Elements into the Inquisitorial System.” ALSA, 97.

Institute of Legal Science, Ministry of Justice. 2006. “Legal Dictionary.” Encyclopedia Publishing House & Judicial Publishing House.

Ly, P. T. 2022. “The principle of ensuring adversarial proceedings in trials as required by the 2013 Constitution.” Vietnam Integration Journal, (261).

Phe, H. 2016. “Vietnamese Dictionary.” Hong Duc Publishing House.

Sime, S. 2013. “A practical approach to civil procedure.” Oxford University Press, USA.

Trang, T. T. T., & Nhung, D. T. T. 2017. “Court reform in Vietnam: Achievements and problems.” Social Sciences Information Review, 11(2).

Trinh, L. V. 2014. “Research on supplementing the adversarial principle in the Civil Procedure Code.” Journal of Law Studies, (4).

Downloads

Published

2025-10-21

How to Cite

Qui, T. K., & Nhung, N. T. H. (2025). THE LEGAL IMPERATIVE OF ADVERSARIALITY IN CIVIL PROCEDURE: ENSURING FAIR TRIAL STANDARDS IN VIETNAM. Veredas Do Direito, 22(2), e223467. https://doi.org/10.18623/rvd.v22.n2.3467