CESAREAN WOUND OUTCOME WITH SUBCUTICULAR ABSORBABLE SUTURES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18623/rvd.v23.5984Keywords:
Cesarean Section, Pain, Subcuticular Absorbable SuturesAbstract
Objectives: To determine the wound outcome after elective cesarean section closed with subcuticular absorbable sutures in terms of frequency of wound closure, post-operative pain score, and frequency of wound infection. Study type: Descriptive, cross-sectional study. Settings: Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department of Hilal e Ahmar Hospital, Faisalabad Duration of study: October 2025 to January 2026. Methodology: Toal 178 patients undergoing elective cesarean sections who were 20–40 years old and of any parity at term were included. Any underlying skin conditions, emergency procedures, and contaminated wound spills were not included. To guarantee uniformity in surgical technique, all CS were carried out by the same surgical team, which included consultants with a minimum of three years of post-fellowship experience. On the tenth post-operative day, patients were asked to come back for a clinical assessment. During the follow-up, a general physical examination was performed to evaluate the surgical wound for signs of infection, wound closure and pain assessment using VAS. Results: In terms of post-operative discomfort, 131 patients (73.60%) in our study reported no pain, whereas 29 patients (16.30%) reported light pain, 14 (7.90%) reported moderate pain, and 04 (2.20%) reported severe pain. In our study, there were 23 cases (12.90%) of surgical site infection (SSI) and 21 cases (11.80%) of wound dehiscence among patients receiving subcuticular sutures. Conclusion: This study found that subcutaneous tissue closure reduces wound complications during elective cesarean sections.
References
Anyanwu SN, Okoye AO, Obiesie EA, Eze BU, Ihekwoaba EC, Nwofor AM. Comparative study of use of reusable skin staples and vertical mattress sutures in the closure of midline laparotomy wounds. Journal of the West African College of Surgeons. 2024;14(1):41–7.
Bhawana D, Samariya A, Samariya DA, Bagariya DS. Comparison of suture material and technique of closure of subcutaneous fat and skin in caesarean section. International Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 2021;5:143–9.
Chelmow D, Rodriguez EJ, Sabatini MM. Suture closure of subcutaneous fat and wound disruption after cesarean delivery: a metaanalysis. Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2004;103:974–980.
Del Valle GO, Comb P, Qualls C. Does closure of Camper’s fascia reduce the incidence of post-cesarean superficial wound disruption? Obstetrics & Gynecology. 1993;30:1013–1016.
Gabbai D, Jacoby C, Gilboa I, Maslovitz S, Yogev Y, Attali E. Comparison of complications and surgery outcomes in skin closure methods following cesarean sections. Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics. 2025;312(1):125–129.
Han D, Feng L, Xu L. Staples versus subcuticular suture for cesarean skin closure in obese women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Gynecology Obstetrics and Human Reproduction. 2022;51(8):102420.
Hasdemir PS, Guvenal T, Ozcakir HT, Koyuncu FM, Horasan GD, Erkan M, et al. Comparison of subcuticular suture materials in cesarean skin closure. Surgery Research and Practice. 2015;2015:141203.
Huang Y, Yin X, Wei J, Li S. Comparison of the effect of skin closure materials on skin closure during cesarean delivery. PLoS One. 2022;17(6):e0270337.
Islam A, Ehsan A. Comparison of suture material and technique of closure of subcutaneous fat and skin in caesarean section. North American Journal of Medical Sciences. 2011;3:85–88.
Kaur S, Pahwa S. Monocryl 3-0 subcuticular in abdominal skin closure in cesarean sections. Indian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Research. 2025;12(1):84–89.
Kolaib M, Mohamed W, Maaty A, Darwish R. Comparison between subcuticular skin closure by different suture materials in cesarean delivery: an interventional randomized controlled clinical trial. Evidence Based Women’s Health Journal. 2023;13(1):7–13.
Koroglu N, Temel Yuksel I, Aslan Cetin B, Aytufan Z, Deniz N, Akca A, et al. Skin closure at cesarean section, polypropylene versus polyglactin 910: a randomized controlled study. Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine. 2022;35(6):1088–92.
Kushwaha SS, Singhal S, Dhiman S, Kumar S, Roy KK, Meena J, et al. Comparison of three techniques for skin closure in caesarean delivery (absorbable subcuticular sutures, non-absorbable nylon sutures, surgical staplers): a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India. 2025;75(Suppl 1):S348–S354.
Mackeen AD, Sullivan MV, Schuster M, Berghella V. Suture compared with staples for skin closure after cesarean delivery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2022;140:293–303.
Madsen AM, Dow ML, Lohse CM, Tessmer-Tuck JA. Absorbable subcuticular staples versus suture for caesarean section closure: a randomized clinical trial. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 2019;126:502–510.
Naumann RW, Hauth JC, Owen J. Approximation of the subcutaneous tissue lowers the incidence of wound complications after cesarean section. Obstetrics & Gynecology. 1995;85:112–116.
Poprzeczny AJ, Grivell RM, Louise J, Deussen AR, Dodd JM. Skin and subcutaneous fascia closure at caesarean section to reduce wound complications: the closure randomised trial. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 2020;20(1):606.
Poprzeczny AJ, Grivell RM, Louise J, Deussen AR, Dodd JM. Skin and subcutaneous fascia closure at caesarean section to reduce wound complications: the closure randomised trial. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 2020;20:1–9.
Ramadan MS, Elhosseiny ASE, Sabaa HE, Nassar SA. Evaluation of the effect of subcuticular skin closure with absorbable suture, polyglactin 910 (Vicryl), versus non-absorbable suture, polypropylene (Prolene), on the risk of wound infection and complications after caesarean section. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine. 2025;118(Suppl 1):hcaf224.173.
Rodel RL, Gray KM, Quiner TE, Bodea Braescu A, Gerkin R, Perlow JH. Cesarean wound closure in body mass index 40 or greater comparing suture to staples: a randomized clinical trial. American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM. 2021;3(1):100271.
Schrufer-Poland TL, Ruiz MP, Kassar S, Tomassian C, Algren SD, Yeast JD. Incidence of wound complications in cesarean deliveries following closure with absorbable subcuticular staples versus conventional skin closure techniques. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology. 2016;206:53–56.
Verma P, Ansari K. Comparison of suture materials in caesarean skin closure. IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences. 2017;16(3):77–80.
Zaman S, Mohamedahmed AYY, Peterknecht E. Sutures versus clips for skin closure following caesarean section: a systematic review, meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis of randomised controlled trials. Langenbeck’s Archives of Surgery. 2022;407(1):37–50.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
I (we) submit this article which is original and unpublished, of my (our) own authorship, to the evaluation of the Veredas do Direito Journal, and agree that the related copyrights will become exclusive property of the Journal, being prohibited any partial or total copy in any other part or other printed or online communication vehicle dissociated from the Veredas do Direito Journal, without the necessary and prior authorization that should be requested in writing to Editor in Chief. I (we) also declare that there is no conflict of interest between the articles theme, the author (s) and enterprises, institutions or individuals.
I (we) recognize that the Veredas do Direito Journal is licensed under a CREATIVE COMMONS LICENSE.
Licença Creative Commons Attribution 3.0
