OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS IN SURGICAL CENTERS OF TERTIARY HOSPITALS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18623/rvd.v23.5441Keywords:
Occupational Hazards, Operating Room, Ergonomics, Biosafety, Mental Health, Surgical StaffAbstract
Introduction: Surgical environments expose healthcare personnel to multiple occupational hazards that may compromise physical and mental health. These risks include environmental, ergonomic, biological, and psychosocial factors that are often underestimated in daily practice. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 71 surgical professionals working in tertiary-level hospitals in Ecuador. A 50-item structured questionnaire was used to evaluate four domains: physical/environmental, ergonomic, chemical–biological, and psychosocial factors. Data were analyzed descriptively using frequencies and percentages. Results: The most prevalent hazards included exposure to high temperature and humidity (100%), musculoskeletal discomfort (71%), incomplete vaccination (29%), and psychosocial symptoms such as fatigue and stress (71%). Universal adherence to protective equipment use was observed (100%), though periodic health monitoring and ergonomic adaptation remained insufficient. Conclusions: Despite universal compliance with basic biosafety measures, significant gaps persist in ergonomic design, vaccination coverage, and mental health support. Comprehensive preventive programs integrating ergonomic training, environmental control, and psychological support are essential to ensure safer surgical environments.
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