THE INFLUENCE OF LEADERSHIP AND COMPETENCE ON THE PERFORMANCE OF VILLAGE APPARATUS IN MALUKU PROVINCE: THE ROLE OF INNOVATION BEHAVIOR AS A MEDIATING VARIABLE AND WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AS A MODERATING VARIABLE

Authors

  • Godprit Haris Touwely Universitas Hasanuddin
  • Sumardi Universitas Hasanuddin
  • Nuraeni Kadir Universitas Hasanuddin
  • Wahda Universitas Hasanuddin

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18623/rvd.v23.5388

Keywords:

Value-Based Leadership, Civil Servant Competence, Innovation Behavior, Workplace Spirituality, Village Civil Servant Performance, Maluku Province

Abstract

This study analyzes the influence of values-based leadership and competency on the performance of village officials in Maluku Province through the mediation of innovation behavior and moderation of workplace spirituality. Using a quantitative approach with the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM-AMOS) method on 343 village official respondents from five regencies/cities in Maluku, this study found that values-based leadership did not directly influence official performance, but had a significant influence through the mediation of innovation behavior. Competence was shown to have both direct and indirect effects on performance through innovation behavior as a partial mediator. Innovation behavior is a key factor in transforming leadership capacity and competency into optimal performance. Workplace spirituality acts as a moderator, strengthening the relationship between values-based leadership and performance, but does not moderate the competence-performance relationship. These findings suggest that in the context of village government in an archipelago with strong local cultural characteristics, improving official performance requires a holistic approach that integrates the development of values-based leadership, strengthening technical competencies, stimulating innovative behavior, and fostering workplace spirituality as an integrated strategy to achieve effective and sustainable village governance.

References

Afsar, B., & Rehman, M. (2015). The relationship between workplace spirituality and innovative work behavior: the mediating role of perceived person–organization fit. Journal of Management, Spirituality & Religion, 12(4), 329-353.

AlEssa, H. S., & Durugbo, C. M. (2022). Systematic review of innovative work behavior concepts and contributions. Management Review Quarterly, 72(4), 1171-1208.

Aminu, R. (2017). A Comparison of Classical Leadership Theoretical Constructs.

Basileo, L. D., Otto, B., Lyons, M., Vannini, N., & Toth, M. D. (2024, May). The role of self-efficacy, motivation, and perceived support of students' basic psychological needs in academic achievement. In Frontiers in Education (Vol. 9, p. 1385442). Frontiers Media SA.

Basuki, E., & Noya, J. (2023). Minyak Cengkeh sebagai Asset Pengembangan Komunitas Di Desa Waelikut–Kabupaten Buru Selatan. MAREN: Jurnal Pengabdian dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat, 4(1), 49-60.

Chang, S. M., Budhwar, P., & Crawshaw, J. (2021). The emergence of value-based leadership behavior at the frontline of management: a role theory perspective and future research agenda. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 635106.

Chouhan, V. S., & Srivastava, S. (2014). Understanding competencies and competency modeling―A literature survey. IOSR Journal of Business and management, 16(1), 14-22.

Damaševičius, R., & Sidekerskienė, T. (2024). Virtual worlds for learning in metaverse: A narrative review. Sustainability, 16(5), 2032.

Deng, J., Liu, J., Yang, T., & Duan, C. (2022). Behavioural and economic impacts of end-user computing satisfaction: Innovative work behaviour and job performance of employees. Computers in Human Behavior, 136, 107367.

Elsayed, A. M., Zhao, B., Goda, A. E. M., & Elsetouhi, A. M. (2023). The role of error risk taking and perceived organizational innovation climate in the relationship between perceived psychological safety and innovative work behavior: A moderated mediation model. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1042911.

Essien, A., Bukoye, O. T., O’Dea, X., & Kremantzis, M. (2024). The influence of AI text generators on critical thinking skills in UK business schools. Studies in Higher Education, 49(5), 865-882.

George Jr, F. (2022). Ethical person-environment fit: An integrative definition, key findings, and a call for future research. Human Resource Management Review, 32(3), 100840.

Guerrero, J. G., Attallah, D. M., Gomma, N. H., & Ali, S. A. (2024). Improvements in practising nurses’ knowledge, skills, self-efficacy, confidence, and satisfaction after a simulated clinical experience of caring for a patient undergoing chemotherapy: a quasi-experimental study. BMC nursing, 23(1), 66.

Hair Jr, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate data analysis. In Multivariate data analysis (pp. 785-785).

Haryono, S., & Wardoyo, P. (2012). Structural equation modeling. Bekasi: PT Intermedia Personalia Utama.

Hisham, R. R., Palil, M. R., & Ramli, M. R. (2019). Does classical leadership still relevant? examining its effect on accountability practice: An empirical evidence. Journal of Education and Social Sciences, 13(1), 35-43.

Jasinenko, A., & Steuber, J. (2023). Perceived organizational purpose: Systematic literature review, construct definition, measurement and potential employee outcomes. Journal of Management Studies, 60(6), 1415-1447.

Kamal, M. B., Hossain, M. B., Islam, J., Alam, I. K., Ibn Sayed, N., Assiri, M. A., & Mia, R. (2025). Digital ethics: A review of leadership theories, challenges, and responsibilities. Sage Open, 15(4), 21582440251386901.

Khan, I. U., Amin, R. U., & Saif, N. (2025). Individualized consideration and idealized influence of transformational leadership: Mediating role of inspirational motivation and intellectual stimulation. International Journal of Leadership in Education, 28(6), 1322-1332.

Kulkov, I., Kulkova, J., Rohrbeck, R., Menvielle, L., Kaartemo, V., & Makkonen, H. (2024). Artificial intelligence‐driven sustainable development: Examining organizational, technical, and processing approaches to achieving global goals. Sustainable Development, 32(3), 2253-2267.

Macke, J., & Genari, D. (2019). Systematic literature review on sustainable human resource management. Journal of cleaner production, 208, 806-815.

Makulova, A. T., Alimzhanova, G. M., Bekturganova, Z. M., Umirzakova, Z. A., Makulova, L. T., & Karymbayeva, K. M. (2015). Theory and practice of competency-based approach in education. International Education Studies, 8(8), 183-192.

Mao, N., Song, H., & Han, Y. (2013). High-performance work systems and influence processes on employees’ attitudes: Perspectives from China. International Journal of Manpower, 34(7), 736-752.

Masidonda, J. L. (2019). Innovation Determinants of'Jibujibu'in Maluku Province Area. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 10(7).

Maunz, L. A., & Glaser, J. (2023). Does being authentic promote self-actualization at work? Examining the links between work-related resources, authenticity at work, and occupational self-actualization. Journal of Business and Psychology, 38(2), 347-367.

Narenji Thani, F., Mazari, E., Asadi, S., & Mashayekhikhi, M. (2022). The impact of self-development on the tendency toward organizational innovation in higher education institutions with the mediating role of human resource agility. Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education, 14(2), 852-873.

Nöhammer, E. (2022). Meaning, needs, and workplace spirituality. Merits, 3(1), 1-20.

Otoo, F. N. K. (2024). The mediating role of employee performance in the relationship between human resource management (HRM) practices and police service effectiveness. IIM Ranchi Journal of Management Studies, 3(2), 108-141.

Pande, A. S., & Pande, N. (2024). Enriching the construct of workplace spirituality with insights from Indian philosophy and its empirical validation in Indian context. IIM Kozhikode Society & Management Review, 13(2), 210-227.

Para-González, L., Jiménez-Jiménez, D., & Martínez-Lorente, A. R. (2018). Exploring the mediating effects between transformational leadership and organizational performance. Employee Relations, 40(2), 412-432.

Permzadian, V., & Shen, T. (2024). Assessing the predictive validity of expectancy theory for academic performance. BMC psychology, 12(1), 437.

Phanniphong, K., Na-Nan, K., & Asavanatthakorn, N. (2024). Job stress matters: Understanding how job stress moderates the relationship between person-environment fit and innovative work behavior in the Thai food industry. Acta Psychologica, 250, 104513.

Purnomo, Y. J., & Ausat, A. M. A. (2024). The role of value-based leadership in shaping an organizational culture that supports sustainable change. Journal of Contemporary Administration and Management (ADMAN), 2(1), 430-435.

Rabetino, R., Kohtamäki, M., Foss, N. J., Rahman, N., & Huikkola, T. (2025). Microfoundations for business model innovation: Exploring the interplay between individuals, practices, and organizational design. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 42(4), 704-736.

Saran, E., Mishra, S., Nigam, S., & Kumar, K. (2023). The relevance of value-based leadership and spirituality in the workplace. International Journal of Engineering, Management and Humanities (IJEMH), 4, 124-127.

Sekaran, U. (2011). Metodologi Penelitian untuk Bisnis. Jakarta: Salemba Empat. Annals of Tourism Research, 58.

Steenkamp, I., & Ziaei, S. M. (2021). Compare and contrast Classical Leadership Theoretical Constructs.

Syahir, A. N. A., Abidin, M. S. Z., Sa’ari, C. Z., & Rahman, M. Z. A. (2025). Workplace spirituality and its impact on employee well-being: A systematic literature review of global evidence. Journal of Religion and Health, 64(5), 3313-3345.

Tensay, A. T., & Singh, M. (2020). The nexus between HRM, employee engagement and organizational performance of federal public service organizations in Ethiopia. Heliyon, 6(6).

Wong, S. C. (2020). Competency definitions, development and assessment: A brief review. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 9(3), 95-114.

Downloads

Published

2026-03-16

How to Cite

Touwely, G. H., Sumardi, Kadir, N., & Wahda. (2026). THE INFLUENCE OF LEADERSHIP AND COMPETENCE ON THE PERFORMANCE OF VILLAGE APPARATUS IN MALUKU PROVINCE: THE ROLE OF INNOVATION BEHAVIOR AS A MEDIATING VARIABLE AND WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AS A MODERATING VARIABLE. Veredas Do Direito, 23, e235388. https://doi.org/10.18623/rvd.v23.5388

Issue

Vol. 23 (2026): Veredas do Direito, v. 23, 2026

Section

Articles

License

I (we) submit this article which is original and unpublished, of my (our) own authorship, to the evaluation of the Veredas do Direito Journal, and agree that the related copyrights will become exclusive property of the Journal, being prohibited any partial or total copy in any other part or other printed or online communication vehicle dissociated from the Veredas do Direito Journal, without the necessary and prior authorization that should be requested in writing to Editor in Chief. I (we) also declare that there is no conflict of interest between the articles theme, the author (s) and enterprises, institutions or individuals.

I (we) recognize that the Veredas do Direito Journal is licensed under a CREATIVE COMMONS LICENSE.

 

Licença Creative Commons Attribution 3.0