ROLE OF CENTRALIZED BMS IN ENHANCING OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY IN SMART MALLS AND HOTELS

Abstract

As cyber-physical service systems, comfort, safety, customer experience, cost, and the requirement that all are provided simultaneously-thus requiring a smart solution-are thus the fundamental properties of smart malls and hotels. BAS, or Building Automation System, with Building Energy Management Systems being a special case with emphasis on energy, have thus evolved from mere supervisory control to data acquisition, supervisory control, analytics, and, most importantly, a governing model. This systematic study will aggregate all available evidence from 2020 to 2025 on the benefits of Centralized Building Management System as a model for improving operation efficiency in Smart malls and hotels. Our study synthesized all relevant evidence in five key areas described by the individual authors, including energy and carbon, fault detection/diagnostics - maintenance productivity, indoor environmental quality, enterprise integration, cybersecurity, and assurance, by adopting PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Coherently in all ascertained evidence, there seems to be a coherent trend that the key to improved operational efficiency is totally encapsulated in the phrase "analytics to action" since even as there is "interoperable connectivity of all devices allowing high-fidelity visibility," there is room for a "continuous commissioning based on FDD/AFDD, occupancy-based control, and optimization, which must translate into 'governed actions' through CMMS/PMS with measurement & verification." Lately, studies have found Building Energy Management Systems with the aid of digital twin technology to be efficient, as well as Analytic Function Detection Diagnosis with the aid of agent/ontology technology to improve interpretable diagnosis reports, although there are gaps in evidence, with some authors citing the benefits seen by others by virtual modeling or simulation. We present our reference architecture as well as our KPIs, with a matching research requirement that will focus on credible study designs, as well as the use of semantic modeling as well as security by design, by utilizing protocol extension technologies like BACnet SC.