IMPLEMENTATION OF DOCTRINE RES IPSA LOQUITUR IN WRONG-SIDED ACTION, WRONG PROCEDURE IN SURGERY PATIENTS

Authors

  • Vira Komala Faculty of Law, Universitas Islam Bandung
  • Edi Setiadi Faculty of Law, Universitas Islam Bandung
  • Sri Ratna Suminar Faculty of Law, Universitas Islam Bandung

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18623/rvd.v23.n4.4727

Keywords:

Res Ipsa Loquitur, Wrong Side, Wrong Procedure, Patient, Surgery

Abstract

Wrong-sided, wrong-procedure surgical procedures are incidents that can occur in hospitals. These incidents can cause harm to patients and result in lawsuits against medical personnel and health workers as part of the surgical team for alleged medical malpractice. In several cases that occurred in Indonesia, the burden of proof of medical malpractice is placed on the patient, which of course can cause injustice for the patient. With this background, the purpose of this study is to determine the doctrine of Res Ipsa Loquitur in wrong-sided, wrong-procedure surgical procedures can be applied in Indonesia in order to provide justice to patients. The approach method used is normative juridical, the research specifications in this study are descriptive analytical. The data collection technique in this study is a literature study and the analysis method in the study uses qualitative analysis. The results of the study indicate that to prove medical malpractice in wrong-sided, wrong-procedure surgical patients, it is best to apply the doctrine of Res Ipsa Loquitur. This is because, under this doctrine, the burden of proof for medical malpractice rests with the doctor, not the patient, who is unfamiliar with medical knowledge. Applying this doctrine can also provide a sense of justice to patients, as Aristotle stated, who taught that everyone has proportional rights. Doctrine Res Ipsa Loquitur can be enforced through presumptive evidence concluded by the judge.

References

Ana Suheri. (2018). Wujud Keadilan Dalam Masyarakat Di Tinjau Dari Perspektif Hukum Nasional. Morality : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 4(1).

Dewi, A. N., Arso, S. P., & Fatmasari, E. Y. (2019). Analisis pelaksanaan program keselamatan pasien di unit rawat inap RS Wava Husada Kabupaten Malang. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 7(1), 20-30

Fuady, M. (2017). Perbuatan Melawan Hukum. Bandung : PT. Citra Aditya Bakti

Harper, F. V, & Heckel, F. E. (1956). Digital Repository @ Maurer Law Effect of the Doctrine of Res Ipsa Loquitur

Heryani, A. A. (2012 Edisi 1 Cetakan 1). Asas-Asas Hukum Pembuktian Perdata. Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media Group.

Lesmojati, S. (2020). Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Atas Perbuatan Kelalaian Pada Tindakan Medis Di Rumah Sakit. Surabaya: PT. Scopindo Media Mustika.

Kompas.com : https://medan.kompas.com/read/2023/01/11/112753778/kasus-dugaan-salah-operasi-kaki-dokter-dan-rs-tak-hadiri-panggilan-polda-sumut

M.Achadiat, C. (2006). Dinamika Etika & Hukum Kedokteran Dalam Tantangan Zaman. Jakarta: Buku Kedokteran EGC.

Murdi, P. B., Novianto, W. T., & Purwadi, H. Penerapan Doktrin Res Ipsa Loquitur Dalam penyelesaian Kasus Malpraktek Medik (Analisis Pertimbangan Hakim Dalam Kasus Malpraktek Medik). Jurnal Hukum dan Pembangunan Ekonomi, 6(2)

Novianto, W. T. (2017). Sengketa Medik Pergulatan Hukum Dalam Menentukan Unsur Kelalaian Medik. Surakarta: UNS Press.

Pasha, I., Gustiawan, F., & Kurniawan, M. A. (2020). Peran pemerintahan daerah dalam meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan kesehatan. May, 0–5

Paulina, N. S., & Prananingrum, D. H. (2018). Karakteristik Badan Hukum Rumah Sakit Swasta Di Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmu Hukum: ALETHEA, 1(2), 185–200. https://doi.org/10.24246/alethea.vol1.no2.p185-200

Purwadi, A. (2017). Prinsip Praduga Selalu Bertanggung-gugat dalam Sengketa Medik. Padjajaran Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law), 4(1), 104-121

Rachmawaty, R., Yusuf, S., & Karniawan, W. (2020). Penerapan Check List Keselamatan Bedah Who: Literatur Review. Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan (Scientific Journal of Nursing), 6(2), 252–260. https://doi.org/10.33023/jikep.v6i2.624

Sylvana, Y., & Widjaja, G. (2022). Penerapan Res Ipsa Loquitor Dalam Malpraktik Di Rumah Sakit. Cross Border, 5(1), 514–535.

Widiyastuti, Y. S. (2020). Asas-Asas Pertanggungjawaban Perdata. Yogyakarta: Cahaya Atma Pustaka

Downloads

Published

2026-02-18

How to Cite

Komala, V., Setiadi, E., & Suminar, S. R. (2026). IMPLEMENTATION OF DOCTRINE RES IPSA LOQUITUR IN WRONG-SIDED ACTION, WRONG PROCEDURE IN SURGERY PATIENTS. Veredas Do Direito, 23, e234727. https://doi.org/10.18623/rvd.v23.n4.4727

Issue

Vol. 23 (2026): Veredas do Direito, v. 23, 2026

Section

Articles

License

I (we) submit this article which is original and unpublished, of my (our) own authorship, to the evaluation of the Veredas do Direito Journal, and agree that the related copyrights will become exclusive property of the Journal, being prohibited any partial or total copy in any other part or other printed or online communication vehicle dissociated from the Veredas do Direito Journal, without the necessary and prior authorization that should be requested in writing to Editor in Chief. I (we) also declare that there is no conflict of interest between the articles theme, the author (s) and enterprises, institutions or individuals.

I (we) recognize that the Veredas do Direito Journal is licensed under a CREATIVE COMMONS LICENSE.

 

Licença Creative Commons Attribution 3.0