HACIA UNA GOBERNANZA EFECTIVA PARA LA INCLUSIÓN FINANCIERA EN ECUADOR: UN ENFOQUE REGULATORIO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18623/rvd.v23.n4.4710Keywords:
Inclusión Financiera, Ecuaciones Estructurales, Regulación Financiera, Gobernanza, Política PúblicaAbstract
Este estudio tuvo como propósito analizar los factores determinantes de la inclusión financiera en Ecuador, con énfasis en el impacto del marco regulatorio y de supervisión sobre el acceso efectivo y sostenible a los servicios financieros. Se desarrolló una investigación cuantitativa de diseño transversal mediante un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM), aplicada a una muestra estratificada de 151 actores clave del sistema financiero, utilizando un instrumento validado con 19 indicadores agrupados en cinco factores latentes y procesados en AMOS 24. Los resultados evidenciaron una relación positiva y estadísticamente significativa entre el Marco Regulatorio y de Supervisión y la Inclusión Financiera y Acceso a Servicios (β = 0.95; p = 0.008), siendo esta dimensión la de mayor implementación percibida (78.5%), mientras que el Marco Normativo y de Gobernanza registró el menor desempeño (51.2%); el modelo mostró un ajuste adecuado (RMSEA = 0.058; CFI = 0.931). Se concluye que un marco regulatorio sólido, claro y aplicado de forma consistente constituye el principal motor de la inclusión financiera sostenible en Ecuador, persistiendo una brecha entre normativa y práctica que demanda fortalecer la capacidad institucional y la aplicación efectiva de la ley para consolidar confianza y estabilidad en el sistema financiero.
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