LOCAL RESOURCES AND WOMEN’S PARTICIPATION FOR SUSTAINABLE COASTAL DEVELOPMENT

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18623/rvd.v23.n1.3896

Keywords:

Family Economy, Local Resources, Village Development, Village SDGs, Women’s Role

Abstract

The SDGs for villages serve as the primary foundation for efforts to improve the welfare of coastal village communities, including gender equality, which places women as important actors in development. In Indonesia, North Sulawesi has 760 coastal villages. Hence, development efforts in coastal villages require concrete policies from the government, as well as strategies to enable coastal village communities to utilize their local resources. The The aim of this study is to examine the impact of local resources and the role of women on family economics and coastal village economic development, both directly and indirectly, within the framework of sustainable development. This study used quantitative methods and was analyzed using SEM-PLS 4.0 with 408 samples. The results provide empirical evidence for seven tested hypotheses. Local resources significantly influence family economics (t=5.542, p=0.000) but show no direct effect on village economic development (t=1.711, p=0.087). Women’s roles significantly affect both family economics (t=5.553, p=0.000) and village development (t=12.571, p=0.000). Family economics strongly impact village development (t=12.571, p=0.000). Furthermore, indirect effects confirm that local resources (t=5.267, p=0.000) and women’s roles (t=5.267, p=0.000) contribute to village development through family economics. These findings highlight that the productive utilization of local resources can increase family income and indirectly promote economic development, while women play a critical role in strengthening the family economy and improving living standards. Synergy between the government and the community in building from the bottom up, especially in coastal villages rich in potential, is the key to achieving inclusive and sustainable economic development.

References

ABDURAKHMANOVA, A.; AHROROV, F. The economic and social impacts of ecotourism on local employment and income: a case study of rural Samarkand, Uzbekistan. Regional Science Policy & Practice, v. 17, n. 3, p. 100180, 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rspp.2025.100180

ADHIEM, M. A.; SAWALMAN, R. Penguatan upaya pelindungan kesejahteraan nelayan kecil Indonesia [Internet]. Jakarta: Pusat Analisis Keparlemenan Badan Keahlian Setjen DPR RI, 2024. [cited 13 Aug. 2025]. Available from: https://berkas.dpr.go.id/pusaka/files/isu_sepekan/Isu%20Sepekan—I-PUSLIT-September-2024-1904.pdf

ADITYA, R.; EDIYONO, S.; SUGIHARDJO, S. The role of coastal women’s empowerment in achieving the success of SDGs: a study on the Kebaya group, Bekasi. Prosper: Journal of Social Empowerment, v. 3, n. 2, p. 129-143, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21580/prosperity.v3i2.18192

AFRIFA-YAMOAH, E. Towards sustainable resource management: Graph modelling insights from Ghana’s oil and gas local content ecosystem. The Extractive Industries and Society, v. 20, p. 101570, Nov. 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exis.2024.101570

ALRAWHANI, E. M.; ROMLI, A.; AL-SHARAFI, M. A. Evaluating the role of protection motivation theory in information security policy compliance: insights from the banking sector using PLS-SEM approach. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, v. 11, n. 1, p. 100463, 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2024.100463

AMERIDYANI, A.; TOKITO, M.; SAIZEN, I. Towards community-driven rural development: path of women group in empowering rural women’s capacities and role in rural development. World Development Perspectives, v. 39, p. 100700, 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100700

ANGGRAINI, E.; RUSTADI, E.; SYUAIB, M. F. et al. Membangkitkan pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia dari pedesaan. 1. ed. Bogor: Percetakan IPB Bogor, 2021. Available from: https://sustainability.ipb.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Membangkitkan-Pertumbuhan-Ekonomi-Indonesia-dari-Perdesaan.pdf

ARDITIYA, A.; WANGLOAN, E. H.; KATILI, A. R.; MURTIONO, B. T.; AZIZAH, A. Development of competitive advantages for tiger prawn breeding business actors in Muara Badak, Kutai Kartanegara Regency, as an optimization of strengthening the coastal gender economy. Community Empowerment, v. 7, n. 12, p. 2195–2201, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31603/ce.8490

CAHYADINATA, I.; NUSRIL; GUSHEVINALTI. Descriptive, correlation analysis and analytical hierarchy process of coastal community empowerment of Bengkulu City, Indonesia. International Journal of Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology, v. 10, n. 3, p. 1304-1310, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18517/ijaseit.10.3.2659

CENTRAL STATISTICS AGENCY OF SOUTH SULAWESI. Provinsi Sulawesi Utara dalam angka 2025 [Internet]. 28 Feb. 2025 [cited 2 Apr. 2025]. Available from: https://sulut.bps.go.id/id/publication/2025/02/28/2472cc5e85fc65494846c955/provinsi-sulawesi-utara-dalam-angka-2025.html

CHANCE, E. A.; ABDOUL, I. S. The roles and contributions of women to the health of their families and household economics in rural areas in the district of Mbe, Cameroon. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, v. 11, p. 101456, 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2025.101456

CHEN, Y.; LIU, C.; XUE, X. Sustainable development goal-based assessment on the use of natural resources in countries along the Maritime Silk Road. Tropical Geography, v. 43, n. 8, p. 1637–1651, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.003718

DIANSARI, P.; RUKMANA, D.; NADJA, R. A.; RAHMADANIH; FAHMID, I. M.; SYAHRULLAH. Analysis of the contribution of income in fulfilling household livelihoods of coastal communities. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, v. 486, n. 1, p. 012015, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/486/1/012015

DJUNAIDAH, I. S.; NURMALIA, N. Peran produktif wanita pesisir dalam menunjang usaha perikanan di Kecamatan Tempuran, Kabupaten Karawang. Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Kelautan dan Perikanan, v. 13, n. 2, p. 229, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15578/jsekp.v13i2.6980

ELVANDARI, D. A.; ANWAR, S.; KASOGI, M. A. Dinamika partisipasi masyarakat dalam pembangunan infrastruktur desa. Development Policy and Management Review (DPMR), v. 5, n. 1, p. 39–51, 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.61731/dpmr.v5i1.44191

ESPECTATO, L. N.; MONTECLARO, H. M.; ARCEO, H. O.; CATEDRILLA, L. C.; BAYLON, C. C. Community perceptions on the role of inter-local government units alliance in coastal resource management: The case of Banate Bay Alliance in Iloilo, Philippines. Ocean & Coastal Management, v. 219, p. 106059, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2022.106059

FIRMANTO, Y.; SHAQILA, S.; KAMILA, A. N.; ANGGI, Y.; PARDEDE, K.; ADRIAL, Z. Optimalisasi pengelolaan sistem keuangan dan anggaran keluarga: Solusi praktis bagi ibu rumah tangga di Kota Malang. Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Nusantara (JPkMN), v. 6, p. 419–432, 2024.

GILLILAND, T. E.; SANCHIRICO, J. N.; TAYLOR, J. E. Market-driven bioeconomic general equilibrium impacts of tourism on resource-dependent local economies: a case from the Western Philippines. Journal of Environmental Management, v. 271, p. 110968, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110968

GOODSTATS. 10 provinsi ini punya desa di pesisir paling banyak [Internet]. 2 Apr. 2025 [cited 13 Aug. 2025]. Available from: https://data.goodstats.id/statistic/10-provinsi-ini-punya-desa-di-pesisir-paling-banyak-969lz

HAMANG, J. Economic development and known natural resource endowment: Discovery rate differentials of oil. Journal of Development Economics, v. 170, p. 103290, 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2024.103290

INDRAWARSIH, R.; RATRI, A. M. Strategi peningkatan pendapatan keluarga nelayan melalui peran perempuan: Studi kasus pada komunitas nelayan Demak, Jawa Tengah. Buletin Ilmiah Marina Sosial Ekonomi Kelautan dan Perikanan, v. 9, n. 1, p. 17, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15578/marina.v9i1.11743

JENTOFT, S.; CHUENPAGDEE, R.; FRANZ, N.; GLOBAL IMPLEMENTATION. The small-scale fisheries guidelines: global implementation. 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55074-9

JUDIANTO, L.; EKASARI, S.; ELIDA, S. Pengembangan ekonomi lokal berbasis lokal. MPPM IPB Bogor, v. 4, n. 2, p. 414-426, 2024.

KARU, H. N. F. Potret kehidupan ibu rumah tangga dalam peningkatan ekonomi keluarga nelayan. SJP2M: Social Journal of Public Policy and Management, v. 1, n. 2, p. 70–78, 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.37905/sjppm.v1i2.45

KATIKIRO, R.; MAHAJAN, S. L.; MEDARD, M. The establishment, persistence, and scaling of marine community-based natural resource management in four coastal districts in Tanzania. Marine Policy, v. 169, p. 106341, 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2024.106341

KATOVICH, E. S. Winning and losing the resource lottery: Governance after uncertain oil discoveries. Journal of Development Economics, v. 166, p. 103204, 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2023.103204

KGATHI, D. L.; MMOPELWA, G.; MOSEPELE, K. Natural resources assessment in the Okavango Delta, Botswana: Case studies of some key resources. Natural Resources Forum, v. 29, n. 1, p. 70–81, 2005. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-8947.2005.00113.x

KUSUMAWARDHANI, H. A.; SUSILOWATI, I. Wives’ multiple roles in supporting coastal families’ economy. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, v. 24, n. 2, p. 289–306, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24914/jeb.v24i2.4352

MANGUBHAI, S.; LAWLESS, S.; COWLEY, A.; MANGUBHAI, J. P.; WILLIAMS, M. J. Progressing gender equality in fisheries by building strategic partnerships with development organisations. World Development, v. 158, p. 105975, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2022.105975

MAYYORA, R.; SHOLIHAH, Q.; WANUSMAWATIE, I.; WANTO, A. H. Digital transformation of villages and its implications for sustainable development: Literature review approach. Indonesian Journal of Intellectual Publication, v. 5, n. 2, p. 100–111, 2025.

MINISTRY OF VILLAGE AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF INDONESIA. Implementasi SDGs Desa ke-5: Kemendes PDTT dan PP Fatayat NU tandatangani MoU [Internet]. 1 Apr. 2025 [cited 13 Aug. 2025]. Available from: https://kemendesa.go.id/berita/view/detil/5042/implementasi-sdgs-desa-ke-5-kemendes-pdtt-dan-pp-fatayat-nu-tandatangani-mou

MOHRAMANI, M.; SAFARI, M.; MOTAMED, M. K.; NAGHDI, R.; OMIDI, A. Investigating the attitude of forest dwellers regarding the management of preservation and protection of natural resources in Guilan Province. Iranian Journal of Forest, v. 16, n. 2, p. 227–241, 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22034/IJF.2024.408397.1938

NUGROHO, B. S.; PURWANTI, F.; PURNOMO, P. W.; ADLINA, A. Coastal village development strategy based on the potential of marine tourism in analyzing the suitability of beach tourism in Munjungagung Village, Tegal Regency, Central Java Province. International Journal of Social Service and Research, v. 2, n. 3, p. 190–197, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.46799/ijssr.v2i3.88

NUGROHO, P.; SUSANDINI, A.; ISLAM, D. Mengkaji sistem pemasaran garam di Madura. Media Trend, v. 15, n. 1, p. 111-122, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21107/mediatrend.v15i1.6176

NURUL, N. W. Z.; NUR, A. C. The role of women in blue economy development in Selayar Islands. Jurnal Administrare, v. 11, n. 2, p. 349–356, 2024. Available from: https://doi.org/10.71309/administrare.v11i2.5168

PALASH, M. S.; HAQUE, A. B. M. M.; RAHMAN, M. W.; NAHIDUZZAMAN, M.; HOSSAIN, A. Economic well-being induced women’s empowerment: Evidence from coastal fishing communities of Bangladesh. Heliyon, v. 10, n. 7, e28743, 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28743

PARIANGU, U. T. W. Inovasi kepala desa menginisiasi desa digital untuk kesejahteraan rakyat: Studi kasus di Desa Hadakewa, Kabupaten Lembata, NTT. Community: Pengawas Dinamika Sosial, v. 9, n. 2, p. 282, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.35308/jcpds.v9i2.8150

PURBANTARA, A.; MUJIANTO; RAHMAWATI, E. Pengembangan daya saing produk unggulan desa dan daerah tertinggal serta transmigrasi. Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi dan Bisnis, v. 26, n. 3, p. 278-292, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.35760/EB.2021.V26I3.3666

PURNAMAWATI, I. G.; YUNIARTA, G. A.; JIE, F. Strengthening the role of corporate social responsibility in the dimensions of sustainable village economic development. Heliyon, v. 9, n. 4, e15115, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15115

RAHMADANI, K.; PUTRA, I. M. Community strategy in economic improvement based on the utilization of Perlis marine natural resources. Amalee: Indonesian Journal of Community Research and Engagement, v. 5, n. 1, p. 21-33, 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.37680/amalee.v5i1.4405

RAHMAWATI, N. A.; PRASETYO, S. A.; RAMADHANI, M. W. Memetakan visi Prabowo Gibran pada masa kampanye dalam perspektif pembangunan. WISSEN: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora, v. 2, n. 3, p. 97–120, 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.62383/wissen.v2i3.176

RAHMIATI, F.; GOENADHI, F. Explore the potential community-based tourism of Cikadu Edutourism as a Tanjung Lesung bufferzone area. Journal of Community Development in Asia, v. 5, n. 2, p. 1–10, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32535/jcda.v5i2.1491

RAHMIYATI, N.; RACHMAWATI, T. Strategy model of coastal women’s economic empowerment (fisherman’s wife) based on blue economy and local potential in Kenjeran beach tourism location city of Surabaya. JPPI: Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Indonesia, v. 9, n. 4, p. 363, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.29210/020232379

RISMAYANI, R.; WIDAYANTI, B. H.; FITRA, F.; OVANDA, L. T.; FIRDAUS, M.; WAHYUNINGSIH, S. Pendampingan pemanfaatan sumber daya lokal untuk meningkatkan ekonomi lokal. Jurnal Abdi: Media Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, v. 8, n. 2, p. 179–186, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26740/abdi.v8i2.19493

RIZKY, C. M.; ANWAR, Y.; ARDIAN, N. The gendered dynamics of the blue economy: Women’s contribution to sustainable development in coastal communities. International Review of Management and Marketing, v. 15, n. 3, p. 150–163, 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32479/irmm.18167

SABILLA, D. P.; HERIYANTI, L.; DJAKFAR, L. Peran perempuan pesisir dalam mendukung ekonomi keluarga nelayan: Studi di Malabero, Teluk Segara, Bengkulu. Community: Pengawas Dinamika Sosial, v. 10, n. 2, p. 190, 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.35308/jcpds.v10i2.9986

SANGGRANGBANO, A.; ANTOH, A. E.; TIMISELA, S. I. The impact of special autonomy fiscal policy on Papua’s economic development. International Journal of Accounting and Finance in Asia Pacific, v. 7, n. 1, p. 1–13, 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32535/ijafap.v7i1.2878

SARI, M. P.; KARMINI, N. L. Beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi pendapatan keluarga pada UMKM di Kecamatan Kuta Utara. E-Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Udayana, v. 10, p. 1161–1192, 2019. Available from: https://jurnal.harianregional.com/eeb/id-53824

SARSTEDT, M.; RINGLE, C. M.; HAIR, J. F. Handbook of Market Research: Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling. Springer, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57413-4_15

SETIANI, S.; LAELIA, W. N. The role of coastal women in increasing household income in Kamal District, Bangkalan Regency, Madura Island. Economics and Social of Fisheries and Marine Journal, v. 12, n. 1, p. 111–122, 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.ecsofim.2024.012.01.09

SETIANI, S.; LAELIA, W. N. The role of coastal women in increasing household income in Kamal District, Bangkalan Regency, Madura Island. ECSOFiM Economic and Social of Fisheries and Marine Journal, v. 12, n. 1, p. 111-122, 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21776/UB.ECSOFIM.2024.012.01.09

SETIAWAN, D.; UTOMO, P. E. P. Sistem informasi, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi. Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Komputer, v. 14, n. 1, p. 77-87, 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21456/vol14iss1pp77-87

SIANTURI, A. R.; RAPIAH, A. Z.; FAHMI, M. N.; HUTASUHUT, V. R.; SIDAURUK, T. Analisis faktor penghambat ekonomi keluarga nelayan wilayah pesisir Desa Bagan Percut, Kecamatan Percut Sei Tuan, Kabupaten Deli Serdang, Sumatera Utara. Journal of Education, v. 6, n. 4, p. 22234–2244, 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31004/joe.v6i4.6334

SINGH, P.; TABE, T.; MARTIN, T. The role of women in community resilience to climate change: A case study of an Indigenous Fijian community. Women’s Studies International Forum, v. 90, p. 102550, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wsif.2021.10255

SUDARYANTO, T.; ERWIDO, E.; DERMOREDJO, S. K.; PURBA, H. J.; RACHMAWATI, R. R.; IRAWAN, A. R. Regional rural transformation and its association with household income and poverty incidence in Indonesia in the last two decades. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, v. 22, n. 12, p. 3596–3609, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jia.2023.11.029

SUMARYANTO; SUSILOWATI, S. H.; SAPTANA; ASHARI; SURYANI, E.; SURYADI, M. The effects of rural development on main sources of farm households. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, v. 892, n. 1, p. 012089, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/892/1/012089

TODARO, M. P.; SMITH, S. C. Economic Development. London: Pearson Education, 2020.

TUARA, N. A. Peran perempuan dalam meningkatkan ekonomi keluarga (studi kasus ibu-ibu Kelurahan Sulamadaha Kecamatan Ternate Barat Kota Ternate). Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan, v. 8, n. 20, p. 507, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7325150

UMAR, A.; FACHRUDIN. Coastal village model based on fishery agribusiness in Donggala Regency, Indonesia. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning, v. 18, n. 6, p. 1901-1910, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18280/IJSDP.180626

UN WOMEN. Perempuan memimpin di garda depan [Internet]. New York: UN Women, 2022 [cited 2 Apr. 2025]. Available from: https://asiapacific.unwomen.org/en/digital-library/publications/2022/02/women-at-the-forefront

UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME (UNDP). Transformasi dunia kita: Agenda 2030 untuk pembangunan berkelanjutan [Internet]. 13 Aug. 2025 [cited 13 Aug. 2025]. Available from: https://sdgs.un.org/2030agenda

VALVE, H.; D’AMATO, D.; HEBINCK, A.; LAZURKO, A.; DE PATER, M.; BŘEZOVSKÁ, R. J.; et al. Transformative change from below? Linking biodiversity governance with the diversity of bottom-up action. Environmental Science & Policy, v. 164, p. 104000, 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2025.104000

WADEI, B.; OWUSU-ADDO, E.; BONUEDI, I.; YEBOAH, T.; TETTEH, R. O.; ANTOH, E. F.; et al. Groundnut processing and women’s economic empowerment: insights from a qualitative analysis. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, v. 12, p. 101631, 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2025.101631

WARDANA, A. W.; ARUM, S. A.; SARIPAH. Peranan perempuan pesisir terhadap perekonomian keluarga. Social Issues Quarterly, v. 1, n. 1, p. 45-57, 2022. Disponível em: http://download.garuda.kemdikbud.go.id/article.php?article=3314317&val=29063&title=Peranan%20Perempuan%20Pesisir%20Terhadap%20Perekonomian%20Keluarga. Acesso em: 29 out. 2025.

WISNUBROTO, K. Tantangan besar, Asta Cita, dan keberlanjutan pembangunan [Internet]. Portal Informasi Indonesia, 2024. [cited 2025 Apr. 2]. Available from: https://indonesia.go.id/kategori/editorial/8747/tantangan-besar-asta-cita-dan-keberlanjutan-pembangunan?lang=1

XIA, L.; XU, Y.; ZHANG, Y.; JIANG, H.; CUI, B. Impact of airline social media marketing on purchase intention: evidence from China using PLS-SEM. Transport Economics and Management, v. 2, p. 249-262, 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.team.2024.09.003

YANTO, N. P.; AL AMMARU, F. Z. Analisis potensi sektor pariwisata di Provinsi Lampung dengan pendekatan Location Quotient (LQ). Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi (JIE), v. 8, n. 1, p. 110–122, 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22219/jie.v8i01.32119

ZAINAL, S.; YUNANDA, R.; ILHAM, I.; FRANCIS GROUP. Mengaktualisasikan kearifan lokal untuk pengembangan ekowisata berkelanjutan di kawasan hutan lindung: wawasan dari masyarakat Gayo di Aceh Tengah, Indonesia. 2024.

ZHANG, L.; XIE, L.; ZHENG, X. Across a few prohibitive miles: The impact of the anti-poverty relocation program in China. Journal of Development Economics, v. 160, p. 102945, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2022.102945

ZULHAM, A.; SUMARYANTO; WARDONO, B.; SAPTANA; PERMANA, D.; PRAMODA, R.; et al. Effect of rural road improvement on the main source of income changes: evidence from brackishwater villages in Indonesia. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, v. 11, n. 1, p. 100452, 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2024.100452

Downloads

Published

2026-01-06

How to Cite

Rumagit, M. C. N., Manoppo, V., & Parasan, P. M. (2026). LOCAL RESOURCES AND WOMEN’S PARTICIPATION FOR SUSTAINABLE COASTAL DEVELOPMENT. Veredas Do Direito, 23(1), e233896. https://doi.org/10.18623/rvd.v23.n1.3896