ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE AND TRI HITA KARANA IN COASTAL WASTE MANAGEMENT: A SOCIO-LEGAL STUDY IN BALI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18623/rvd.v23.n2.3767Keywords:
Waste Management, Coastal Tourism, Cooperation Agreement, Tri Hita Karana, Environmental Justice, Collaborative GovernanceAbstract
The rapid growth of coastal tourism in Bali has increased waste generation, particularly plastic, which threatens marine ecosystems, coastal aesthetics, and the image of tourist destinations. This study aims to develop a model for a cooperation agreement between business actors and traditional leaders for waste management based on environmental justice and the local wisdom of Tri Hita Karana. A socio-legal approach was used through field research, interviews with traditional leaders, local governments, and business actors, as well as analysis of primary and secondary legal materials. Data were analyzed descriptively and analytically using a collaborative governance and environmental justice framework. The results show that waste management in Bali faces challenges such as limited infrastructure, low public awareness, and lack of coordination. A cooperation agreement based on a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) and a Partnership Agreement can integrate customary and positive law, strengthen the role of traditional villages, and support the SDGs (Goals 6, 8, 11, 12, 14, 17). This model offers an inclusive solution for sustainable waste management, increases Bali's tourism competitiveness, and preserves the environment and culture. Recommendations include strengthening the capacity of traditional villages and standardizing the TPS3R infrastructure to support effective implementation.
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