EFFICIENCY OF PUBLIC SERVICE AGENCY HOSPITALS IN INDONESIA POST-COVID-19 PANDEMIC
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18623/rvd.v22.n5.3655Keywords:
DEA, MPI, Tobit, Efficiency, Finance, Performance, Hospital, Financial LiteracyAbstract
This study aims to enhance the efficiency of Public Service Agency (BLU) hospitals to improve the quality of public health services, aligning with the Sustainable Development Goal of “Good Health and Well-Being.” It evaluates the performance of 96 BLU hospitals during the post-COVID-19 period (2022–2024) and identifies key factors influencing efficiency. Secondary data were collected from the Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Health, Ministry of Defense, National Police, Statistics Indonesia (BPS), and the Social Security Agency for Health (BPJS). The research employs Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), the Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI), and Tobit regression. Input variables include medical personnel, health workers, support staff, number of beds, total expenditure, and government funds, while output variables comprise inpatient, outpatient, and emergency visits, as well as operational income. Efficiency determinants analyzed are BPJS patients, Bed Occupancy Rate (BOR), leaders’ financial literacy, GDP per capita, hospital level, and number of hospitals. Three models are assessed: service efficiency, financial efficiency, and POBO ratio. Results show that BPJS patients, BOR, GDP per capita, and hospital level significantly affect efficiency. Policy implications emphasize optimizing service quality, cost control, efficiency dashboards, strengthened financial and BPJS claims units, and regular capacity building in financial literacy and hospital management.
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