SOCIO-ENVIRONMENTAL CONFLICTS IN THE BRAZILIAN AMAZON DEVELOPMENT™S CONTEXT: PROTECTION OF QUILOMBO COMMUNITIES'S RIGHTS IN RELATION TO RAILROAD CARAJÁS™S DUPLICATION IN MARANHÃO
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Abstract
This scientific article analyzes the implications of the development model adopted in the Amazon region, taking as an example the project of Railroad Carajás™s duplication, which affects the states of Maranhão and Pará. For this, it begins with the analysis of exploration™s historical aspects in that region and then give emphasis to the problems surrounding the implementation of the Programa Grande Carajás and specifically the Carajás Railroad. Despite the socio-environmental conflicts caused by the original project, now proceeds to the railroad™s duplication, being necessary analyze the environmental licensing™s characteristics and illegalities. With that, it gives emphasis to cases involving the quilombo communities Monge Belo and Santa Rosa dos Pretos, Itapecuru-MA-BRA, examining the legal answer of the justice system™s institutions involved. In this sense, emphasizes the actions of the Defensoria Pública da União, the Ministério Público da União, the Justiça Federal and the militancy of popular advocacy.
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