The journal Veredas do Direito (ISSN 2179-8699) is dedicated to disseminating and fostering high-quality interdisciplinary scientific research, upholding rigorous academic standards and maintaining impartiality with respect to ideological perspectives. It values the internationalization of scholarship and ensures broad Brazilian regional representation among its authors, with a steadfast commitment to building a more just, free, and equal society in harmony with a healthier planet. Its academic excellence is demonstrated by its inclusion in internationally renowned indexing databases, such as Scopus, and by its A1 classification by Qualis-CAPES.
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EXPLORING PROSECUTORIAL MEDIATION AUTHORITY IN GOVERNMENT DISPUTES: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF LEGAL FRAMEWORKS AND PRACTICES
The Prosecutor's Office has a strategic position in the Indonesian legal system, not only as a public prosecutor but also as a state lawyer in the civil and administrative fields of state. However, the prosecutor's authority as a mediator in resolving disputes involving the government still rarely receives academic or public attention. This creates a gap in understanding the alternative role of the prosecutor's office in supporting the achievement of legal certainty, justice, and usefulness. This study aims to analyze the authority of the prosecutor's office as a mediator of government disputes through a comparative approach across legal systems, by examining practices in Indonesia, Australia, and Singapore. The method used is qualitative research with comparative analysis, utilizing national and international legal instruments and academic literature. The results of the study show that there are significant variations in the regulation of the authority of prosecutorial institutions between countries, especially in the capacity of mediation and quasi-judicial functions. In Indonesia, the authorities still face normative and practical limitations, while Australia through the GMS emphasizes professionalism with accountability mechanisms, and Singapore through the AGC has managed to integrate the functions of legal counsel and prosecution while maintaining independence. These findings affirm the importance of strengthening the authority of prosecutors as mediators through a clear legal framework and professional institutional practices in order to realize efficient, fair, and integrity dispute resolution.
PROSECUTORIAL INDEPENDENCE: COMPARATIVE MODELS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR VIETNAM
The independence of prosecutorial institutions is widely recognized as a fundamental component of rule-of-law systems. In contemporary constitutional democracies, prosecutors play a role in ensuring the legality of criminal proceedings, safeguarding human rights, and maintaining public confidence in the justice system. This article examines the guarantees of prosecutorial independence in rule-of-law states through a comparative analysis of five jurisdictions: France, Germany, Japan, South Korea, and Vietnam. Based on these comparative insights, the article discusses the challenges facing the prosecutorial system in Vietnam and proposes directions for improving the institutional framework governing the independence of the People’s Procuracy. The findings suggest that strengthening prosecutorial independence must be accompanied by effective mechanisms of accountability and constitutional control to ensure both the integrity of criminal justice and the protection of human rights. Ultimately, the article contributes to the discourse on judicial reforms and the development of the socialist rule-of-law state in Vietnam.
CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS PROMOTING SUSTAINABILITY IN SOCIAL AND SOLIDARITY ECONOMY ORGANIZATIONS
The study aimed to identify Critical Success Factors (CSFs) that guide the actions of Social and Solidarity Economy (SSE) organizations, providing support for the formulation of public policies aimed at promoting sustainable development. The research adopts a qualitative approach, with an exploratory objective and a descriptive design. Data collection was carried out through a Systematic Literature Review, seeking to identify which CSFs can contribute to the promotion of organizational sustainability in SSE enterprises. The study demonstrates that the SSE can be recognized as an effective tool for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), operating within a field of economic disputes while promoting socio-environmental inclusion and the reduction of inequalities. SSE can foster a balanced relationship between individuals and nature, avoiding environmental exploitation and degradation and encouraging the responsible use of natural resources. The CSFs identified in the research are essential for guiding SSE organizations toward sustainable practices, providing a clear framework for public policy formulation. However, their implementation depends both on governmental support and on the capacity of SSE organizations themselves to innovate and adapt to technological and environmental changes.
PERSPECTIVAS CONTEMPORÂNEAS E DESAFIOS PARA A CONSOLIDAÇÃO DA MEDIAÇÃO JUDICIAL COMO POLÍTICA PÚBLICA DE JUSTIÇA NO BRASIL
O presente artigo analisa a consolidação da mediação judicial como política pública de justiça no Brasil, a partir da entrada em vigor do Código de Processo Civil de 2015 e da Lei n.º 13.140/2015. Por meio de revisão bibliográfica qualitativa, examina-se o balanço entre o avanço quantitativo da implementação e os déficits qualitativos persistentes; a articulação e as lacunas do arcabouço normativo; as potencialidades e os desafios da mediação digital; as insuficiências na formação dos mediadores judiciais; as resistências institucionais e culturais que obstaculizam a consolidação do método; e as perspectivas de aprimoramento da política pública em suas dimensões normativa, formativa, tecnológica e cultural. Conclui-se que a consolidação da mediação judicial depende não apenas de reformas legislativas, mas de uma transformação profunda na cultura jurídica, na formação dos operadores do direito e no compromisso institucional com a qualidade e a equidade do método.
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: EVIDENCE FROM LISTED STEEL ENTERPRISES
This study analyzes the impact of digital transformation on the sustainable development of listed steel enterprises in Vietnam during the period 2020–2025. In the context of the steel industry facing cost pressures, high energy intensity, and market volatility, digital transformation is regarded as a strategic capability aimed at enhancing firms’ operational efficiency and adaptive capacity. Based on a panel dataset collected from financial statements and annual reports, the study employs panel data regression models, including fixed effects (FE) and random effects (RE), combined with the Hausman test to select the most appropriate model specification. The empirical results demonstrate that digital transformation has a positive and statistically significant impact on firms’ sustainable development. This finding implies that investment in digital technologies and the reconfiguration of business processes can improve resource utilization efficiency and strengthen long-term growth performance. Robustness checks further confirm the stability and reliability of the empirical results. Accordingly, the study proposes policy implications aimed at promoting digital transformation in the steel industry, thereby contributing to the orientation of sustainable development in the context of emerging economies that are shifting toward technology-driven and innovation-based growth models.
PRINCÍPIOS, PONDERAÇÃO E REGULAÇÃO DA INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL: UMA ANÁLISE DO PL Nº 2338/2023 À LUZ DA TEORIA DE ROBERT ALEXY
O presente estudo analisa os princípios orientadores da regulação da Inteligência Artificial (IA) no Brasil, com base no Projeto de Lei nº 2338/2023, à luz da teoria dos direitos fundamentais de Robert Alexy. Parte-se de uma abordagem teórico-descritiva, de natureza qualitativa, fundamentada em revisão bibliográfica e normativa. Inicialmente, examina-se o conceito de IA e seus impactos no âmbito jurídico, destacando a crescente necessidade de regulamentação diante dos riscos à segurança jurídica e aos direitos fundamentais. Em seguida, aborda-se a estrutura normativa brasileira e o papel do referido projeto como marco regulatório. A análise evidencia que os princípios previstos, como transparência, não discriminação, autodeterminação, segurança da informação e desenvolvimento sustentável, configuram mandados de otimização, cuja aplicação depende da ponderação em face de outros valores jurídicos. Conclui-se que a teoria alexyana fornece base adequada para compreender as tensões entre inovação tecnológica e proteção de direitos, permitindo uma regulação equilibrada, proporcional e orientada à centralidade da dignidade da pessoa humana.
EFETIVIDADE DA POLÍTICA NACIONAL DE RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS: UM ESTUDO DE CASO SOBRE A MANUTENÇÃO PÓS-REMEDIAÇÃO DO LIXÃO DE SEROPÉDICA (RJ)
A Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (PNRS) determinou o encerramento de lixões no Brasil, impondo a recuperação de áreas degradadas e o monitoramento contínuo como condicionantes legais. Diante disso, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o cumprimento das normas da PNRS e das Resoluções CONAMA na área do antigo lixão desativado de Seropédica (RJ), com ênfase na efetividade das medidas de controle ambiental e na manutenção pós-remediação. Para tanto, adotou-se o método de estudo de caso, baseado na análise de dados públicos do INEA, na comparação de parâmetros físico-químicos de águas subterrâneas e superficiais entre os anos de 2020 e 2024, bem como na inspeção in loco das infraestruturas de remediação. Os resultados demonstraram melhora pontual em alguns parâmetros, porém o Poço de Monitoramento 2 (PM2) apresentou Alumínio persistentemente acima do limite legal (0,698 mg/L > 0,2 mg/L) e tendência de aumento expressivo de Nitrato. Adicionalmente, a inspeção in loco revelou obstrução de drenos, degradação de geomembranas, fissuras em poços e ausência de manutenção periódica, configurando descumprimento das condicionantes da licença de encerramento. Conclui-se, portanto, que a remediação do lixão de Seropédica, embora tenha promovido avanços iniciais, encontra-se comprometida pela interrupção do monitoramento eficaz e da manutenção das estruturas, cenário que viola os artigos 10º e 11º da CONAMA 396/2008 e o princípio da segurança do aterro, gerando insegurança jurídica ao município.
DIGITAL LEADERSHIP AS A STRATEGIC RESPONSE: HOW INNOVATION CAPABILITIES MEDIATE GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS IN A CONSTRAINED EMERGING ECONOMY
This research focuses on studying the role of digital leadership in global competitiveness by shaping innovation capabilities in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) organizations in a constrained emerging economy. Grounded in the Resource-Based View (RBV) and the Dynamic Capabilities (DC) perspective, it explores five dimensions of digital leadership: inspirational, innovative, uncertainty management, adaptive, and visionary and how these influence competitive advantage. A quantitative and cross-sectional survey among 204 C-level executives working in ICT firms was analyzed with the help of PLS-SEM. The results show that all leadership dimensions have a significant impact on enhancing the innovation capabilities while the innovative and uncertainty management roles have a direct impact as well on the competitive advantage. Critically, innovation capabilities show a strong positive relationship with competitive advantage and fully mediate the effect of leadership dimensions in confirming their role as the central mechanism through that digital leadership translates into sustained global positioning in the markets. The findings provide theoretical understanding of leadership as a higher-order dynamic capability and practical advice for firms managing digital transformation in institutionally complex settings.
EXAMINING THE IMPACT OF DIGITAL LEADERSHIP ROLES ON INNOVATION CAPABILITIES: AN INTEGRATED MULTI-CONSTRUCT MODE
The fast-paced development of online technologies has increased the demand of effective leadership that can promote innovation in an organization. This paper focuses on analyzing how digital leadership roles are impacted on organizational innovation capabilities based on an integrated multi-construct model. Digital leadership is theorized as having five different roles, which are inspirational, innovation oriented, uncertainty management, adaptation, and visionary. The research design utilized was a quantitative research design and data was gathered through a structured questionnaire of 204 C - level executives working in the digitally intensive organizations. Pearson correlation and linear regression procedures were used to test the hypotheses put forward. Based on the results all five digital leadership roles are statistically significant and have positive influence on innovation capabilities. It is worth mentioning that the visionary role turned out to be the most powerful predictor, after which there are the roles of uncertainty management and adaptation. These findings indicate that the statement of a clear digital vision is very essential in enhancing organizational innovation ability. The research contributes to the body of literature on digital leadership by showing that the role of leadership supports innovation development asymmetrically instead of in a homogenous manner. All relationships suggested were supported empirically. Offering a well-polished role-based typology, the study offers some theoretical understanding as well as practical directions to leaders who will aim to accelerate the level of innovation performance in dynamic digital settings.
THE PROJECT-BASED LEARNING METHOD IN MATHEMATICS INSTRUCTION FOR ENGLISH MAJOR STUDENTS AT TEACHER TRAINING COLLEGES IN CALLEJÓN DE HUAYLAS
The primary objective of this study was to determine the influence of the project-based learning method on mathematics learning among first-year students majoring in English at the Teacher Training Colleges of Callejón de Huaylas in 2022. In terms of methodology, this is a quantitative study; in terms of design, it is a quasi-experimental study. The sample consisted of 50 students divided into two homogeneous groups (control and experimental). The pretest results showed that the majority of students in the experimental group (84%) and the control group (88%) were at a beginner level in mathematics learning, while in the posttest, the experimental group was at a good level (76%) and the control group at a beginner level (72%). When testing the hypotheses, significant differences were found between the groups; the Mann-Whitney U test yielded a significant value (p=0.00; p<0.05) in the posttest, indicating that after applying the project-based method, the mathematics learning scores of the students in the experimental group improved. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that the application of the project-based learning method significantly influences mathematics learning.
FLOOD ISSUES AND THE IMPLEMENTATION OF INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS FOR FLOOD MITIGATION IN MEDAN CITY
The development of Medan City has grown very rapidly. However, the rapid urban growth has not been balanced by adequate infrastructure development to support flood management. When heavy rain hits Medan City, the overflow of rainwater from residential areas and roads cannot be drained smoothly, resulting in stagnant water. Inadequate infrastructure is one of the main causes of flooding in Medan City. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach to investigate the implementation of infrastructure development programs for flood mitigation in Medan City, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, field observations, and document analysis. Results indicate that the implementation of infrastructure development in flood management in Medan City is relatively effective. This is evidenced by the construction of urban drainage channels at 8 drainage locations, totaling 4,905 meters; the improvement of Urban Drainage Channels at 26 locations, covering 17,173 meters; and the provision of Urban Drainage System facilities including retention ponds, floating pump machines, and embankments. While an 84 percent achievement rate reflects meaningful progress, persistent challenges in institutional coordination and community engagement indicate the need for continued improvement toward sustainable urban flood management.
CHANGES IN REGIONAL APPARATUS OF MEDAN CITY IN REALIZING AGILE GOVERNMENT IN MEDAN CITY
This research aims to analyze the dynamics of the formation of regional apparatus in Medan City in the context of realizing Agile Government. With the increasing demands of the community for fast and responsive public services, this study explores an effective model for the formation of regional apparatus. The method used is a qualitative approach with in-depth interviews and document analysis from various related sources. The results of the study indicate that changes in the organization of regional apparatus in Medan City in order to realize agile government not only include bureaucratic restructuring, but also require complex individual and institutional adjustments. The Medan City Government addresses this challenge by providing motivation, training, and effective communication to build an adaptive and collaborative work culture. Through discussion forums, socialization, and strengthening collaboration between agencies, employees are encouraged to understand and accept change. The government also emphasizes the importance of integrated management of human resources, finance, and technology in order to improve the efficiency, effectiveness, and satisfaction of public services. This research also identifies challenges in the process of forming regional government units, including employee resistance and resource limitations. Despite these challenges, the proposed model shows potential to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of public services in Medan City. Thus, this research provides significant contributions to the literature on governance and offers practical recommendations for policymakers.
DIREITOS HUMANOS DE MULHERES E MENINAS: DESAFIOS E PERSPECTIVAS PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO SUSTENTÁVEL E A EFETIVAÇÃO DA JUSTIÇA SOCIAL
Este artigo analisa os direitos humanos de mulheres e meninas, a partir dos desafios e das perspectivas para o desenvolvimento sustentável e para a efetivação da justiça social. Parte-se do problema da persistente distância entre o robusto arcabouço normativo nacional e internacional de proteção desses direitos e sua concretização nas realidades sociais marcadas por discriminação, violência, desigualdade econômica, sub-representação política e múltiplas vulnerabilidades. Justifica-se a pesquisa pela relevância jurídica, política e social do tema, uma vez que a garantia dos direitos de mulheres e meninas repercute diretamente na qualidade da democracia, no acesso à justiça, na redução das desigualdades, na sustentabilidade e no desenvolvimento humano. Metodologicamente, trata-se de estudo qualitativo, de natureza interpretativa, desenvolvido por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, com análise hermenêutico-crítica de legislações, tratados, convenções, documentos institucionais e páginas oficiais de organismos nacionais e internacionais. Os resultados evidenciam que o reconhecimento formal de direitos, embora indispensável, não assegura, por si só, sua efetiva realização, exigindo articulação entre marcos normativos, políticas públicas, estruturas institucionais e mecanismos de participação social. Conclui-se que os direitos humanos de mulheres e meninas constituem dimensão estruturante da justiça social e do desenvolvimento sustentável, demandando continuidade investigativa e fortalecimento das ações institucionais voltadas à sua concretização.
AN INVESTIGATION OF BLACKBOARD USE IN CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT WITHIN EXTENDED CURRICULUM PROGRAMME: A NEXUS BETWEEN ECP LECTURERS AND STUDENTS
Extended Curriculum Programmes (ECPs) play a critical role in widening access and supporting epistemic success for underprepared students in South African higher education. While Learning Management Systems (LMSs) such as Blackboard are widely implemented, their potential to support systematic and collaborative curriculum development within ECPs remains underexplored. This study investigates the use of Blackboard for curriculum development in ECP contexts using a Design Science Research (DSR) methodology. The aim of this study is to design, implement, and evaluate Blackboard-supported curriculum development practices within Extended Curriculum Programmes (ECPs), by examining the interaction (nexus) between lecturers and students, in order to enhance curriculum coherence, engagement, and inclusive learning through a Design Science Research approach. This research leverages on qualitative method as the adopted methodology, using design science research framework approaches in having the opinion of Extended Curriculum program (ECP) lecturers and ECP students on the use of blackboard technology as a tool for curriculum development. Therefore, the data collected is analyzed using thematic NVivo Software to analyze the findings of the results. The study results obtained indicate responsiveness and user specific learning as the main theme. In conclusion, this study indicates a relationship between lecturers and students in the use of Blackboard technology for curriculum development. It is also important to highlight the continued evolution and integration of Blackboard within the curriculum development process, suggesting it has become a valuable tool in shaping the future of higher education. Practically, it offers evidence-based design principles for leveraging Blackboard analytics to support inclusive, systematic curriculum development in ECP contexts. The findings underscore the importance of aligning technological design, lecturer capacity development, and institutional support to realise the full curriculum development potential of LMSs.
INTEGRATED INQUIRY LEARNING WITH PIIL PESENGGIRI VALUES: A WAY TO IMPROVE STUDENTS' RESPONSIBLE CHARACTER IN BIOLOGY EDUCATION
Numerous studies indicate that students often exhibit a low sense of responsibility. This research examined the impact of the Piil Pesenggiri Inquiry learning model on developing responsible character traits. The study utilized a quasi-experimental design with a sample size of 188 students in Metro City, Lampung, Indonesia. Classes were randomly selected to form three groups: an experimental class Piil Pesenggiri Inquiry learning model, a positive control class (guided inquiry), and a negative control class (conventional learning). To measure the character of responsibility, a validated questionnaire consisting of 30 statements was employed, ensuring the instrument's validity and reliability. Data analysis was conducted using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Levene test, ANCOVA test, and LSD post-hoc analysis. The results indicated that the Piil Pesenggiri Inquiry learning model significantly fostered a sense of responsibility, with a highest corrected mean score of 83.990 for the IPP group, compared to 81.020 for the guided inquiry group and 79.032 for the conventional learning group. These findings can serve as a reference for educators seeking to promote responsible character development and highlight the importance of integrating local wisdom in Indonesia into education.
LESSON PLANNING PRACTICES OF ALBANIAN LANGUAGE TEACHERS IN LOWER SECONDARY EDUCATION IN KOSOVO
Lesson planning represents a fundamental component of the educational process, through which the teacher defines objectives, learning outcomes, and the activities carried out during the lesson. The purpose of this study is to analyze lesson planning practices and their content in relation to curriculum requirements, as well as to identify the challenges faced by Albanian language teachers in lower secondary schools in Kosovo. The study was conducted in 15 lower secondary schools in the Pristina Region, selected randomly, involving 30 Albanian language teachers. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire and the analysis of lesson plans prepared by the teachers. The research findings indicate significant difficulties in fulfilling key components of the planning model, such as: formulating learning outcomes, defining success criteria, integrating cross-curricular links, planning assessment, and reflecting on the teaching process. These challenges are evident both in the analysis of lesson plans and in teachers’ perceptions. As a result, there is a tendency to use or reuse ready-made lesson plans, often not aligned with curriculum standards. To improve lesson planning practices, continuous professional support for teachers is recommended, including training and other forms of development. It is also suggested to review existing planning models and develop more flexible formats that are better oriented toward pedagogical content. The findings of this study may contribute to improving the quality of teaching and the more effective implementation of the curriculum in lower secondary education in Kosovo.
FROM AWARENESS TO CONCERN: A THEMATIC ANALYSIS OF MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS’ VIEWS ON CLIMATE CHANGE IN TURKIYE
Climate change is a significant global challenge that necessitates heightened environmental awareness among younger generations. This study investigated middle school students’ perspectives on climate change by examining their conceptualisations, perceived causes and effects, and primary concerns. Employing a qualitative research design, the study engaged 86 students in Türkiye, with data collected through semi-structured interviews and analysed thematically. The findings revealed that students associated climate change with disrupted seasonal cycles, global warming, and pollution. Many students identified anthropogenic causes, such as fossil fuel consumption and industrial emissions, although some confused climate with weather. Students perceived the effects of climate change to include temperature rise, drought, natural disasters, disease, biodiversity loss, and disruptions to daily life. Concerns encompassed desertification, species extinction, water scarcity, and disasters, which were influenced by local experiences and sociocultural contexts. Despite the high level of awareness, a few students exhibited indifference or uncertainty. The results suggest that students possess an emerging, yet incomplete, understanding of climate change, characterised by scientific awareness and ambiguities. This study underscores the role of education in enhancing climate literacy and fostering responsibility and citizenship. The findings have implications for curriculum developers, educators, and policymakers to strengthen climate education.
QUALITY IMPROVEMENT THROUGH INNOVATION IN SHENZHEN INCLUSIVE KINDERGARTENS
Improving the quality of inclusive kindergartens has become a key challenge in contemporary early childhood education systems, particularly in rapidly urbanising contexts. Although inclusive policies have expanded access to kindergarten education, institutional constraints continue to affect the effectiveness of quality improvement efforts. This study examines how structural constraints and innovation steps jointly influence the improvement of educational quality in inclusive kindergartens. Using an empirical research design, data were collected from inclusive kindergartens through questionnaires, interviews, and document analysis. The study analyses how organisational conditions, professional practices, and innovation initiatives interact in shaping quality outcomes within inclusive settings. The findings indicate that innovation efforts can contribute to quality improvement when they are aligned with existing institutional capacities and supported by sustained professional development. Conversely, persistent constraints may limit the effectiveness of innovation initiatives when systemic support is insufficient. By clarifying the relationship between constraints, innovation steps, and quality improvement, this study contributes to a more grounded understanding of inclusive kindergarten development. The results provide practical insights for policymakers and educational administrators seeking to promote sustainable quality enhancement in inclusive early childhood education.
EFFECTS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE EDUCATION ON STUDENTS’ LITERACY
As artificial intelligence becomes increasingly integrated into higher education, AI literacy has emerged as a critical competence for university students. This study explores how AI-related educational experiences, frequency of AI tool usage, learning attitudes, and engagement influence students' AI literacy. Grounded in constructivist learning theory, data were collected from 330 undergraduates, master's, and doctoral students at three universities in Hebei Province, China. A quantitative approach was employed, with descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple regression conducted using SPSS to examine the proposed relationships. The results reveal that both learning attitude and engagement significantly and positively predict AI literacy, indicating that students with proactive mindsets and active participation tend to achieve higher proficiency. In contrast, usage frequency shows a negative association with AI literacy, suggesting that over-reliance on AI tools may hinder critical thinking and deeper understanding. These findings highlight the need for universities to strengthen AI-related courses, foster positive learning attitudes and engagement, and guide students in the appropriate use of AI tools. This study provides empirical evidence for the development of AI literacy and offers practical recommendations for curriculum design, aligned with Sustainable Development Goal 4: inclusive education.
CROSS-BORDER SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONES: THE POTENTIAL AND CHALLENGES OF SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONE DEVELOPMENT IN THE BORDER AREA BETWEEN OECUSSE, TIMOR-LESTE AND WINI, INDONESIA
The strategic development of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in border regions has increasingly been viewed as a policy instrument for transforming peripheral territories into nodes of economic growth and regional integration. This article examines the potential and challenges of establishing a Cross-Border Special Economic Zone (CBSEZ) in the enclave-border context of Oecusse District in Timor-Leste and Wini Sub-district in Indonesia. Using a qualitative case study approach, the research draws on fifteen semi-structured interviews with government officials, local entrepreneurs, and community stakeholders, complemented by analysis of policy documents and regional development plans. The findings suggest that the Oecusse Wini borderland possesses significant economic complementarity that could support the emergence of a joint cross-border growth pole, particularly in agro-processing, logistics, and tourism development. However, the feasibility of such an initiative is constrained by structural asymmetries in legal and administrative systems, infrastructure deficits, border securitization concerns, and the absence of institutional mechanisms for bilateral economic governance. The article argues that enclave-based CBSEZ initiatives require a phased institutional architecture that prioritizes confidence-building, functional cooperation, and adaptive governance mechanisms before full economic integration can occur. By examining CBSEZ feasibility in an enclave setting, this study contributes to the literature on borderland governance and regional economic integration by demonstrating how enclave territoriality reshapes the institutional conditions required for cross-border economic cooperation.
TECNOLOGIAS DA INFORMAÇÃO E COMUNICAÇÃO, INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL E RECURSOS DIGITAIS COMO APOIO PEDAGÓGICO A ESTUDANTES COM DIFICULDADES DE APRENDIZAGEM: POTENCIALIDADES, LIMITES E CONDIÇÕES DE MEDIAÇÃO
O artigo examina o uso de tecnologias da informação e comunicação, de inteligência artificial e de demais recursos digitais como apoio pedagógico a estudantes com dificuldades de aprendizagem, ponderando potencialidades, limites e condições institucionais necessárias para uma apropriação crítica e pedagogicamente responsável desses recursos. A partir de revisão narrativa da literatura nacional e internacional, discutem-se conceitos, tensões e práticas que articulam mediação pedagógica, acessibilidade, personalização do ensino e diversificação de percursos formativos, distinguindo-se, com rigor conceitual, dificuldade de aprendizagem, transtorno específico do neurodesenvolvimento e deficiência. O desenvolvimento argumenta que ferramentas digitais podem ampliar a oferta de apoios cognitivos, a flexibilização de atividades, o feedback formativo e a diversificação de linguagens, favorecendo múltiplas formas de engajamento, representação e expressão. Evidencia, por outro lado, que o emprego não reflexivo dessas tecnologias tende a reforçar desigualdades estruturais, estigmas diagnósticos, vieses algorítmicos, medicalização da aprendizagem e uma visão instrumentalizada da educação. Sustenta-se que a tecnologia não substitui a mediação docente nem dispensa diagnóstico educacional cuidadoso, formação continuada, infraestrutura adequada e articulação curricular. O artigo contribui para o debate ao propor uma leitura que recusa tanto o tecnossolucionismo quanto o ceticismo simplista, reafirmando a primazia da intencionalidade pedagógica, da ética digital e de condições materiais efetivas para que TIC e IA constituam apoios legítimos à aprendizagem de estudantes historicamente vulnerabilizados em seus percursos escolares.
DESAFIOS TÉCNICOS PARA IMPLANTAÇÃO DO GOVERNO DIGITAL NO BRASIL: INFRAESTRUTURA, INTEROPERABILIDADE, SEGURANÇA E CAPACITAÇÃO
A implementação do governo digital no Brasil enfrenta obstáculos técnicos que comprometem a eficiência, a confiabilidade e a continuidade dos serviços públicos digitais. Este artigo, recorte de uma dissertação de mestrado, analisa os principais desafios técnicos identificados na literatura e em documentos oficiais. Com base em revisão da literatura (base Periódicos CAPES) e análise documental (Estratégia Brasileira para a Transformação Digital e Mapa de Governo Digital), foram identificadas quatro categorias centrais de desafios técnicos: (1) infraestrutura e conectividade precárias, caracterizadas pela baixa qualidade e desigualdade territorial da infraestrutura tecnológica; (2) interoperabilidade insuficiente entre sistemas governamentais, marcada pela fragmentação de bases de dados e ausência de padrões claros; (3) fragilidades na segurança da informação e proteção de dados, com vulnerabilidades cibernéticas e risco no manejo de informações pessoais; e (4) escassez de capacitação tecnológica e recursos humanos em TIC, com formação insuficiente de profissionais. Os resultados evidenciam que a superação desses desafios exige políticas públicas coordenadas, incluindo a expansão da infraestrutura digital em áreas remotas, a criação de uma Política Nacional de Interoperabilidade, a implementação do princípio privacy by design e a instituição de programas governamentais de formação continuada em TIC para servidores públicos.
DESAFIOS SOCIAIS PARA IMPLANTAÇÃO DO GOVERNO DIGITAL NO BRASIL: DESIGUALDADE DE ACESSO, BAIXO LETRAMENTO DIGITAL E EXCLUSÃO DE GRUPOS VULNERÁVEIS
A transformação digital da administração pública brasileira, embora essencial para a modernização do Estado, enfrenta obstáculos sociais profundos que comprometem a universalização e a equidade no acesso aos serviços públicos digitais. Este artigo, recorte de uma dissertação de mestrado, analisa os principais desafios sociais identificados na literatura acadêmica e em documentos oficiais. Com base em revisão sistemática da literatura (base Periódicos CAPES) e análise documental (Estratégia Brasileira para a Transformação Digital e Mapa de Governo Digital), foram identificadas três categorias centrais de desafios sociais: (1) desigualdade no acesso à internet e à infraestrutura de conectividade; (2) baixo letramento digital e capacitação da população; e (3) exclusão digital de grupos vulneráveis. Os resultados evidenciam que a superação desses desafios exige políticas públicas integradas, incluindo a expansão equitativa da infraestrutura digital, a implementação de políticas nacionais de alfabetização digital em larga escala, o mapeamento das populações mais afetadas e o desenvolvimento de ações sensíveis às diferentes realidades sociais do país.
PROPOSIÇÃO DE UM MODELO DE AVALIAÇÃO DA EFICIÊNCIA DE SERVIÇOS PÚBLICOS DIGITAIS: UMA FERRAMENTA PARA GESTÃO PÚBLICA
A consolidação do governo digital no Brasil exige não apenas a oferta de serviços públicos digitais, mas também mecanismos sistemáticos para avaliar sua eficiência, alcance e impacto social. Este artigo, recorte de uma dissertação de mestrado, apresenta a proposição de um modelo de avaliação da eficiência da prestação de serviços públicos digitais, desenvolvido como produto técnico aplicável à gestão pública. A construção do modelo baseou-se nos desafios técnicos e sociais identificados na literatura acadêmica e em documentos oficiais (Estratégia Brasileira para a Transformação Digital e Mapa de Governo Digital), bem como em diretrizes de fontes como IBGE, Anatel e CETIC.br. O modelo está estruturado em dois eixos principais: (1) indicadores técnicos, que mensuram aspectos estruturais como infraestrutura de conectividade, interoperabilidade entre sistemas, segurança da informação e capacitação tecnológica; e (2) indicadores sociais, que avaliam elementos relacionados à interação da população com os serviços, como acesso à internet, letramento digital, usabilidade, satisfação do usuário e inclusão de grupos vulneráveis. O modelo não estabelece valores de referência universais, sendo flexível para adaptação às diferentes realidades federativas e setoriais. Como perspectiva de aprimoramento, sugere-se o desenvolvimento de uma plataforma digital interativa para monitoramento contínuo dos indicadores.
A EVOLUÇÃO DO GOVERNO DIGITAL NO BRASIL: DA INFORMATIZAÇÃO AOS MARCOS REGULATÓRIOS CONTEMPORÂNEOS
O governo digital constitui uma transformação estrutural na administração pública, redefinindo a relação entre Estado e sociedade por meio das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TICs). Este artigo, recorte de uma dissertação de mestrado, analisa a trajetória histórica e conceitual do governo digital no Brasil, desde os primórdios da informatização até os marcos regulatórios contemporâneos. Com base em revisão sistemática da literatura e análise documental, são examinadas três fases evolutivas: (1) a informatização inicial (1960-1970), focada na automação de processos administrativos internos; (2) o governo eletrônico (e-gov), que a partir dos anos 1990 ampliou o foco para a oferta de serviços online e interação com os cidadãos; e (3) o governo digital propriamente dito, que integra tecnologias emergentes como big data, inteligência artificial, blockchain e IoT para promover uma gestão orientada por dados e centrada no usuário. São apresentados os principais marcos regulatórios e estratégicos brasileiros, do Livro Verde (2000) à Lei do Governo Digital (2021), demonstrando o esforço contínuo de institucionalização da transformação digital. Conclui-se que o governo digital representa um amadurecimento no tratamento das TICs na administração pública, indo além da digitalização isolada de serviços para propor uma reestruturação completa da atuação estatal.
EVALUATING THE CURRENT CONDITION OF THE MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR FACILITIES (FASHARKAN) OF THE INDONESIAN NAVY (TNI AL) USING NVIVO (NON-VERBAL INTERACTIVE VISUALIZATION ORGANIZER)
The operational readiness of warships is greatly influenced by the effectiveness of maintenance and repair systems supported by adequate maintenance facilities. This study aims to evaluate the condition of the Indonesian Navy's ship maintenance and repair facilities (Fasharkan) in supporting the readiness of the naval fleet. The study used an exploratory qualitative approach with system analysis through the integration of the 5M framework (Man, Machine, Method, Material, Money) to examine internal factors and PESTLE (Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal, Environmental) to analyze external factors that affect the performance of maintenance facilities. Data analysis was performed using NVivo software through coding, thematic analysis, and visualization of the relationships between research variables. The results showed that structurally, Fasharkan TNI AL is still capable of performing ship maintenance functions, but its capacity is not yet optimal and is not evenly distributed nationwide. The main problems include limited technical human resources, delays in equipment modernization, limited availability of spare parts, and budget support that is not commensurate with the increasing complexity of ship technology. In addition, external factors such as developments in maritime technology and defense policy dynamics also affect the effectiveness of the maintenance system. This study recommends strengthening technical human resource capacity, modernizing maintenance facilities, strengthening the spare parts logistics system, and optimizing defense industry cooperation to improve the operational readiness of Indonesian Navy ships in a sustainable manner.
PAISAGEM CAMPONESA: USO DO SOLO, AGROECOLOGIA E EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL NO ASSENTAMENTO MANDACARU EM PETROLINA
Este artigo analisa o uso do solo, o processo de resistência e as práticas agroecológicas no assentamento Mandacaru, localizado no município de Petrolina, no Vale do Rio São Francisco, no Sertão Pernambucano. A reforma agrária é compreendida como uma política de reestruturação fundiária voltada à promoção do bem-estar das famílias, do desenvolvimento local e da inclusão social. O estudo busca articular essas dinâmicas às práticas de Educação Ambiental e às possibilidades didático-pedagógicas voltadas à valorização de recursos naturais locais, considerando o potencial do solo como recurso educativo no ensino de Geografia, inclusive em estratégias sustentáveis como a produção de tintas ecológicas. Os usos do espaço no assentamento apresentam caráter coletivo, e a agroecologia contribui para a construção da identidade dos sujeitos, fortalecendo vínculos com o lugar e favorecendo a mediação de conflitos. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa fundamenta-se no materialismo histórico-dialético, com abordagem qualitativa, utilizando levantamento bibliográfico, visitas in loco e entrevistas. Os resultados evidenciam que o solo, além de sua função produtiva, constitui elemento central da paisagem e apresenta potencial para subsidiar práticas educativas sustentáveis, contribuindo para a formação crítica e para o fortalecimento da Educação Ambiental no ensino de Geografia.
LIÇÕES DAS NORMAS ESTADUAIS PARA A CRIAÇÃO DE UMA LEI NACIONAL DE DEFESA E PRESERVAÇÃO DO BIOMA CERRADO
O Cerrado é o segundo maior bioma brasileiro. Carece, contudo, de uma legislação própria de defesa e preservação a nível nacional. Diante disso, o objetivo deste trabalho é examinar as leis estaduais específicas para preservação do bioma nos 12 estados que o compõem para contribuir com a construção de uma proteção nacional. Elegeu-se as legislações dos estados de Goiás, São Paulo e do Distrito Federal, para analisar os instrumentos legais previstos para a proteção ao bioma. A pesquisa é exploratória, baseada em uma avaliação quantitativa e qualitativa da legislação examinada. Como marco teórico adota a concepção de racionalidade ambiental de Enrique Leff. O estudo conclui que, embora existam normas relevantes em alguns estados, os instrumentos legais são fragmentados e variam significativamente de uma região para outra, o que gera desafios para uma proteção coesa do Cerrado como um todo. Destaca-se, ainda, que os estados analisados preveem diversos mecanismos de proteção, mas que essas previsões não estão uniformizadas entre os entes federativos, o que reforça a necessidade de uma regulamentação federal que consolide e harmonize essas diretrizes. A partir dessa análise, defende-se que a criação de uma legislação nacional unificada é fundamental para garantir uma proteção mais abrangente do Cerrado, tendo como base os instrumentos já previstos em leis estaduais.
GÊNERO, SABERES E RESISTÊNCIA O (RE)CONHECIMENTO DA MULHER PEIXEIRA NA COMUNIDADE PISCATÓRIA BAIXO LÁ, ZONA DE PORTO RINCÃO, CABO VERDE
Cabo Verde é um arquipélago que se caracteriza por uma diversidade cultural resultante de processos históricos de colonização euro portuguesa refletida nas comunidades de pesca artesanal. Nesse contexto, os saberes e práticas das mulheres peixeiras permanecem, em grande medida, invisibilizados, apesar de sua participação central na cadeia produtiva do pescado, especialmente na comercialização e na garantia da subsistência familiar. Este artigo analisa as relações de gênero na pesca artesanal, evidenciando desigualdades estruturais que afetam a valorização do trabalho feminino, o reconhecimento de seus saberes e o acesso a direitos. O estudo está vinculado à Universidade de Cabo Verde e à Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, tendo como recorte empírico a comunidade pesqueira Baixo Lá. Metodologicamente, adota-se a História Oral e a História de Vida, com abordagem qualitativa baseada em imersão etnográfica, observação participante e entrevistas semiestruturadas. A narrativa da entrevistada constitui o eixo central da análise. Os resultados indicam que a desigualdade de gênero está associada a processos históricos que reforçam a desvalorização do trabalho feminino. Contudo, evidenciam também estratégias de resistência, organização coletiva e produção de saberes territoriais e políticos, fundamentais para a justiça social e a equidade de gênero.
MANAGING A POSITIVEANDLIFE- SKILLS DEVELOPMENT IN THE SCHOOL-BASED CURRICULA: A LITERATURE REVIEW ON THE SUSTAINABLE EDUCATION
The current paper aims to give a comprehensive exploration of the Life Skills resources and sustainable development and the effectiveness of programs in the general development and positive identity of students in the Albanian educational system. The method used for this study is qualitative with a focus on literature review. Qualitative results revealed that increasing a positive development profile for students in schools impacts decision-making, effective development of interpersonal relations, self-awareness, and emotional management in a life-long education process. The current literature review analysis made us reflect that social support, social competencies, positive identity, and empowerment are the assets with the most specific weight and the highest clinical significance as a form of students’ positive development profile to be considered in future school curricula.
THE IMPACT OF PERCEIVED GREENWASHING ON BRAND LOYALTY AMONG YOUNG CONSUMERS IN HANOI’S FASHION INDUSTRY
This study examines the impact of perceived greenwashing on brand loyalty among young consumers in the fashion industry in Hanoi. It also investigates the mediating roles of brand trust and brand commitment, as well as the moderating role of perceived authenticity. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including expert interviews and a quantitative survey of 306 consumers aged 18–30. The data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) via SmartPLS software. The results indicate that perceived greenwashing negatively affects both brand trust and brand loyalty. In contrast, brand trust has a positive effect on both brand commitment and brand loyalty, while brand commitment also contributes to enhancing brand loyalty. Notably, perceived authenticity mitigates the negative impact of greenwashing on brand trust. This study contributes to clarifying the mechanism through which greenwashing influences relationship marketing outcomes and provides managerial implications for fashion companies to develop transparent green communication strategies in order to sustain trust and engagement among young consumers.
ANALYZING E-COMMERCE USER SATISFACTION THROUGH A HYBRID DELONE & MCLEAN AND TAM APPROACH: A STUDY OF SHOPEE AND TOKOPEDIA USERS IN INDONESIA
This research investigates user satisfaction within e-commerce in East Java by utilizing a comprehensive framework that integrates the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) with the DeLone and McLean (D&M) Information Systems Success Model, specifically concentrating on the prominent platforms Shopee and Tokopedia. Through the application of PLS-SEM, the results indicate that both Information Quality (IQ) and System Quality (SyQ) significantly positively influence Perceived Ease of Use (PEU) and Perceived Usefulness (PU), with PEU further augmenting PU. Additionally, it is revealed that PEU, PU, and Service Quality (SvQ) directly and significantly affect user satisfaction, with SvQ being identified as the most critical factor. The structural model demonstrates considerable explanatory power (R² = 0.73), reflecting a strong capacity to account for variations in user satisfaction. These results highlight the essential influence of SvQ alongside technological characteristics in determining user satisfaction while also confirming the theoretical strength of merging TAM with the D&M model within the realm of e-commerce in developing digital markets.
CRIMINAL POLICY ON CRIMINAL ACTS AGAINST ANIMALS (ANIMAL ABUSE) BASED ON PANCASILA JUSTICE IN INDONESIA
Animal abuse is a socially unacceptable act that intentionally causes unnecessary suffering, pain, or death to animals. This includes behaviors such as physical violence, neglect, sexual abuse, and mistreatment. Cases of animal abuse are increasing, especially in Indonesia, where in 2019, criminal acts of violence against animals became more widespread. Many people now create and upload videos of cat torture and killing to social media, highlighting the lack of legal protection for animals. In light of these trends, it is crucial to examine current criminal policies regarding crimes against animals, assess their necessity, and evaluate how future policies might develop in line with Pancasila principles. This study uses case, statute, historical, and comparative approaches. The results show that current criminal law policy on animal crimes is regulated by multiple laws: the Indonesian Criminal Code (KUHP), specifically Article 302 on animal cruelty, Article 490 on penalties for animal abuse, and Article 540 on neglect or violence against animals; Law Number 41 of 2014 on Animal Husbandry and Animal Health; and Law Number 5 of 1990 on the Conservation of Living Natural Resources and Their Ecosystems. Legal protection of animal welfare is integral to maintaining ecosystem balance and social justice. This aligns with community development and needs. The aim is to create welfare and prosperity for all Indonesians, ensure animal food needs are met sustainably, and maintain harmony among humans, animals, and the environment. Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the new Criminal Code (UU KUHP), Part Six (Tindak Pidana Penganiayaan Ternak dan Satwa), specifically addresses harassment, negligence in care, and cruelty to animals in Articles 336, 337, and 338. Provisions on animal cruelty include additional prohibited acts, such as engaging in sexual relations with animals, as stated in Article 337, paragraph (1), letter b. There is a need to formulate articles regarding the distribution of pornographic animal content and to reformulate existing articles on animal cruelty. Furthermore, legal provisions concerning animals assisting law enforcement (e.g., K9 and military dogs) and service animals in medicine should be amended to provide stronger protection.
(IN)CONVENCIONALIDADE DA NECESSIDADE DE COMPROVAÇÃO DO PRÉVIO REQUERIMENTO ADMINISTRATIVO PARA CONFIGURAÇÃO DO INTERESSE DE AGIR NO PROCESSO CIVIL
No final de 2025, o Superior Tribunal de Justiça delimitou a controvérsia do Tema Repetitivo 1396, a fim de definir a necessidade de comprovação do prévio requerimento administrativo para configuração do interesse de agir nas ações de natureza prestacional das relações de consumo. Nesse sentido, este artigo ampliou a análise do tema para o processo civil em geral, através de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, que buscou realizar, com amparo na literatura especializada, na legislação e na jurisprudência, o controle de convencionalidade entre essa exigência e os standards interamericanos sobre acesso à justiça. Dessa forma, verificou-se que o Sistema Interamericano de Direitos Humanos permite a limitação do acesso à justiça, desde que amparada em necessidades razoáveis da administração da própria justiça, de modo que, no geral, o ordenamento jurídico brasileiro está em conformidade com os padrões interamericanos. Contudo, no caso das relações de consumo, concluiu-se que não há justificativa razoável para se exigir a comprovação da prévia tentativa de solução extrajudicial da controvérsia para configuração do interesse de agir, de maneira que eventual decisão em contrário poderia ser considerada inconvencional.
SINGLE-PORT RESECTION VERSUS MULTIPORT LAPAROSCOPY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF ACCESS, SAFETY AND ONCOLOGICAL MARGINS IN DIFFICULT-TO-ACCESS TUMORS
Background: Minimally invasive oncologic surgery has been developed to minimize abdominal wall trauma using single-port laparoscopy. Nonetheless, in tumors in anatomically difficult areas such as posterior liver segments, the deep pelvis and upper mediastinum issues, there remain concerns over the instrument triangulation, exposure and integrity of the oncological margins. This systematic review critically analyzes the comparative feasibility of access, perioperative safety and oncological adequacy of single-port laparoscopic versus multiport laparoscopic resection of difficult-to-access solid tumors. Methods: A systematic review was carried out based on PRISMA guidelines. Pubmed, scopus, web of science and Cochrane library were searched from 2016 to april 2026 using the terms single-port laparoscopy, multiport laparoscopy, oncological margins and difficult access tumours. Adults that reported oncological or perioperative outcomes of solid tumor resections were eligible to participate in comparative and cohort studies. Cases, pediatric studies and non-oncological procedures were excluded. The outcomes of interest were the R0 resection rates, open surgery conversion, operative time, complication rates and margin width. Findings: Forty-eight studies were included that included randomized controlled trials, propensity-matched cohorts and registry analyses. There was heterogeneous and mainly retrospective evidence. Single-port laparoscopy was found to have R0 resection rates similar to multiport laparoscopy (range 88% to 100%) and less early postoperative pain and length of stay. Nevertheless, single-port methods proved to be more conversion-efficient (up to 35% in extended pancreatic resections) and have smaller parenchymal margins (e.g., 5 mm vs. 9.5 mm in posterosuperior liver segments, p=0.012). Registry data showed that single-port transanal total mesorectal excision was associated with a better sphincter preservation in low rectal cancer without a loss of circumferential resection margin positivity (5.1% vs. 5.4, odds ratio 4.11, p<0.001) which is a niche in which single-port access has an anatomical benefit. Multiport laparoscopy was always associated with better triangulation and lower intraoperative difficulty scores and conversion rates were less than 10% in even complex hepatectomy and pancreatectomy groups. Conclusions: Laparoscopy (single-port) has significant recovery and cosmetic advantages in well-selected patients who have peripherally located tumors. Nevertheless, in lesions in anatomically limited areas where precision of margins and dexterity of the instruments are of paramount importance, multiport laparoscopy is the more dependable platform. The existing evidence has shortcomings in terms of selection bias and lack of long-term oncological follow-up. Evidence-based indications are urgently needed and randomized trials that are high quality and stratified by tumor location and difficulty are needed.
González Mercado Zeus Edrian Daniel Alfonso
CONVENIOS DE INCLUSIÓN SOCIAL: MODELO PARA OPTIMIZAR LOS PROCEDIMIENTOS DE POSTULACIÓN DE FUNDACIONES COOPERANTES EN ECUADOR
Esta investigación desplega empíricamente un Modelo de gestión de convenios de inclusión social para optimizar los procedimientos de postulación de fundaciones cooperantes en Ecuador durante 2025. Desde un enfoque cuantitativo, aplicada, de tipo causal explicativa y diseño pre-experimental, se aplicaron encuestas estructuradas a una muestra de 92 personas de representantes de fundaciones, antes y después de implementar el modelo propuesto, mediante instrumentos validados que midieron dimensiones de convenios de inclusión social y postulación de fundaciones cooperantes. Los resultados muestran mejoras significativas en los niveles de eficiencia, claridad de requisitos y transparencia de la evaluación de postulaciones. El análisis inferencial evidenció que el modelo tuvo un impacto estadísticamente significativo en todos los indicadores evaluados. La discusión contrastó estos hallazgos con teorías de gestión pública y estudios previos, confirmando la validez de los seis axiomas derivados de los objetivos específicos. Se concluye que el modelo desarrollado no solo optimiza los procedimientos, sino que también fortalece la articulación institucional y la equidad en el acceso a convenios. Se recomienda institucionalizar el modelo en las entidades públicas locales y capacitar a los actores involucrados. Finalmente, se presenta una propuesta técnica estructurada en fases, con dimensiones operativas, normativas y comunicativas, orientada a su implementación sostenible.
TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE NURSING ORGANIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF A STANDARDIZED TOOL: AN APPLICATION OF AMERICAN ORGANIZATION OF NURSE EXECUTIVES (AONE) MEASURES TO MIDDLE-EAST HOSPITALS
Introduction: This study adapts the American Organization of Nurse Executives (AONE) competency framework for Saudi Arabian hospitals, aiming to validate a standardized tool for nurse administrators. It assesses managerial, relational, and business skills across five competency domains: communication and relationship management, knowledge of the healthcare environment, leadership, professionalism, and business skills. Methodology: The study conducted a factor analysis using data from 315 respondents to confirm the instrument's strong consistency and construct validity. After that, a pilot study was conducted to assess the validity and consistency of the tool development. A cross-sectional design was applied, and 338 respondents participated in the survey. Findings show that respondents rated themselves highly in leadership (grand weighted mean = 3.55) and professionalism (3.66), while scoring lower in knowledge of the healthcare environment and communication. Conclusion: The study found that respondents are proficient in leadership skills and professionalism and competent in other domains; thus, improvements in these domains are needed. This reliable measure can guide continuing education, workforce planning, and performance appraisal in the Kingdom’s evolving health sector.
VOLUNTARY SIMPLICITY IN ECOTOURISM CONTEXT
Increasing environmental challenges caused by excessive consumption have led individuals to adopt more sustainable and simplified lifestyles, giving rise to the concept of voluntary simplicity. This transformation has also influenced the tourism sector, contributing to the emergence of ecotourism as an alternative form of travel. In this context, this study examines the voluntary simplicity lifestyles of guests staying at the Pastoral Valley Ecological Life Farm in Fethiye, Türkiye. The study adopts a qualitative research design and uses focus group interviews conducted with voluntary participants and paying guests. The findings are analyzed based on the core dimensions of voluntary simplicity—material simplicity, self-sufficiency, ecological awareness, human scale, and personal growth—along with additional emergent themes. The results indicate that voluntary participants exhibit a deeply internalized and ideologically grounded simplicity, whereas paying guests demonstrate a more conditional and pragmatic approach. The findings further suggest that voluntary simplicity should be understood as a continuum rather than a binary construct. Moreover, ecotourism environments function as transformative spaces that foster ecological awareness and encourage more sustainable consumption practices. This study contributes to the literature by integrating ecotourism and voluntary simplicity and by providing a comparative perspective on different levels of engagement with sustainable lifestyles.
BETWEEN EDUCATIONAL POLICY AND SCHOOL EXPERIENCE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF STUDIES ON THE PEACE EDUCATION CURRICULUM IN COLOMBIA
The Cátedra de la Paz was established in Colombia as a compulsory educational policy aimed at promoting peaceful coexistence, citizenship education, and non-violent conflict resolution in schools. However, questions remain regarding how this policy has been interpreted, implemented, and examined within educational research, particularly in relation to students’ school experiences and processes of subject formation. In this context, this article aims to analyze, through a systematic literature review, the theoretical, methodological, and pedagogical approaches used to study the implementation of the Cátedra de la Paz in Colombian school settings. The review was conducted using a qualitative and interpretative approach, following the general guidelines of the PRISMA framework for the identification, selection, and screening of studies. A total of 35 studies published between 2017 and 2025 were analyzed, drawn from academic databases and institutional repositories. The studies were systematized using a categorical matrix and examined through thematic analysis. The findings reveal a predominance of approaches focused on school coexistence management and the development of citizenship competencies, alongside limited attention to students’ perceptions, processes of subjectivation, and the role of territorial contexts. The article concludes by highlighting the need to strengthen research that incorporates school experience and contextual mediations to better understand the formative scope of peace education in socially complex school environments.
DESAFIOS E POTENCIALIDADES DA AGRICULTURA URBANA PARA A SEGURANÇA ALIMENTAR NA RMB
A Agricultura Urbana (AU), além de reforçar a soberania alimentar e preservar os ecossistemas, configura-se como alternativa sustentável para enfrentar os problemas que o crescimento urbano impõe à segurança alimentar. Este estudo objetivou analisar as contribuições da AU para a segurança alimentar e nutricional e identificar seus desafios nos aspectos técnico, de recursos, econômico, social e ambiental em três municípios da Região Metropolitana de Belém (RMB). Empregou-se uma análise fatorial multivariada (AFM) por meio de questionários em escala Likert com 47 critérios organizados em 7 seções, aplicados a 120 produtores, combinando observação participante, no período de novembro de 2023 a fevereiro de 2024. Entre os achados, destacou‑se em primeiro lugar, com média de 4,72, a afirmação de que a atividade assegura segurança alimentar e nutricional; em segundo lugar, com média de 4,66, a constatação de que a venda do excedente evitou redução do consumo para poupar alimentos. Em terceiro lugar, com 4,63, houve redução da apreensão quanto à escassez de alimento antes de nova compra. A atividade configura-se como um instrumento eficiente para o desenvolvimento sustentável, porém carece do incentivo de políticas públicas que assegurem aquisição de sementes e titulação da terra para seu avanço.
BRIGHT AND DARK TRAITS AS PREDICTORS OF ALTRUISM
The theme of this article is focused on altruism, traditionally defined as behavior benefiting others at personal cost, is increasingly recognized as a multifaceted construct with various facets, referred here as kind and assertive altruistic behaviour. Among the key tasks of the managers is to identify the altruists among their personnel and keep their emotional health. Therefore, the goal of this article is to analyze bright and dark traits as predictors of altruism. The applied methodology is in two main directions: (1) To provide literature review in order to give a basic understanding both to altruism and its bright and dark traits as predictors. (2) To analyze student dispositions to: Altruism, Charity, Help-Giving, Moral Courage, Peer Punishment, Dark Tetrad, Psychopathy, Narcissism, Sadism and Machiavellianism. The findings are also important for the gender equity academic approach, because most of the respondents are females who will have key roles during their career development. The analyzes give us certainty to conclude that there are differentiated trait profiles across altruism domains, revealing both expected and novel patterns. The unique combination of dark traits and some bright traits deserve robust future study including facets for better understanding and insights.
REFLEXÕES SOBRE A (PRECARIZAÇÃO) DA FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE NO BRASIL NA PERSPECTIVA DA HISTÓRIA DA EDUCAÇÃO
A História da Profissão Docente no Brasil confunde-se com nossas origens coloniais ocidentais. Ao pensarmos em educação formal, formatada a partir do referencial europeu, no Brasil existe atuação de professores desde 1549, quando junto com Tomé de Sousa, primeiro governador-geral, aportaram os primeiros missionários jesuítas, liderados por Manuel da Nóbrega. Destarte a precocidade da implementação do processo de escolarização no Brasil, o que não se organizou com antecedência neste território foi a formação docente, teve-se que esperar até o sec. XVIII, com as Reformas Pombalinas para exigência legal do exercício do magistério nos territórios lusitanos, onde estava incluso Brasil. Após 1822, ocorreu a implementação da Lei da Instrução Pública (1827), houve ordenamento quanto ao método de ensino Lancaster, mas não fez exigências quanto à formação mínima para lecionar, continuou assim até fins do séc. XIX, quando as Escolas Normais conseguiram enfim se estabelecer como espaços de formação docente no país. Verificamos a trajetória histórica da educação formal no Brasil, e, analisando referências bibliográficas e legislações, desde o período colonial até o tempo presente, a partir dos aportes analíticos da História da Educação empreendeu-se reflexões, compreendendo os elementos históricos, configurações que fortaleceram no país o cenário sociocultural e econômico da atual precarização da formação docente.
RETHINKING CROSS-BORDER SURROGACY: HOW LEGAL FRAGMENTATION EXACERBATES THE INFRINGEMENT OF CHILDREN’S AND SURROGATE MOTHERS’ FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS
Cross-border surrogacy is a sensitive issue that raises significant human rights concerns, particularly for children, who are often the most affected. Based on an analysis of national legislation, case law, international legal instruments, and institutional reports, the findings show that fragmented legal frameworks frequently undermine the fundamental rights of both children and surrogate mothers. Divergent national approaches create legal gaps that lead to lengthy and complex proceedings, exposing children to risks such as statelessness and violations of their rights to identity, nationality, and family life. Surrogacy arrangements may also marginalize surrogate mothers by limiting their access to long-term healthcare and support, and by restricting relationships with the children they carry. A comparative analysis of prohibitive, altruistic, and commercially permissive systems reveals that regulatory inconsistencies contribute to prolonged legal uncertainty, ultimately harming children. The study highlights that surrogacy raises broader ethical and human rights concerns, including the potential commodification of children and exploitation of women. These risks are intensified by legal fragmentation, which weakens protections and increases uncertainty. The core issue lies in the interaction between contested ethical foundations and inconsistent legal responses. A more coherent, child-centered legal framework is therefore needed to safeguard children’s rights while respecting the dignity of surrogate mothers.
FEMINICÍDIO EM SANTA CATARINA, BRASIL (2019–2024): QUEM SÃO AS MULHERES REGISTRADAS NOS BOLETINS DE OCORRÊNCIA?
Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar as características sociodemográficas associadas às notificações de feminicídio registradas em boletins de ocorrência no Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil, no período de 2019 a 2024. Tratou-se de um estudo epidemiológico quantitativo, de base documental e delineamento transversal, conduzido com dados secundários provenientes da Secretaria de Segurança Pública do Estado de Santa Catarina. A amostra compreendeu 765 registros, sendo analisadas as variáveis cor/raça, região, faixa etária, escolaridade, ocupação profissional e estado civil, com frequências e aplicação de testes de associação (Qui-quadrado de Pearson e ANOVA) e regressão logística (odds ratio). Os resultados evidenciaram maiores chances relativas de notificação de feminicídio entre mulheres indígenas (5,5 vezes em relação às brancas) e residentes na região Serrana (88% em relação à Grande Florianópolis). Descritivamente, as notificações de feminicídio concentraram-se entre mulheres de 20 a 29 anos (32,42%), entre aquelas com ensino fundamental incompleto (32,55%) e, no campo ocupacional, entre mulheres em trabalho doméstico com ou sem remuneração (29,15%). Esses achados indicaram que a violência letal contra mulheres não se distribui aleatoriamente, mas se organiza em contextos específicos de vulnerabilização social e territorial. O feminicídio, portanto, não deve ser interpretado como evento isolado ou exclusivamente interpessoal, mas como expressão de estruturas sociais desiguais que modulam a exposição à violência, o acesso à proteção e o reconhecimento institucional dos fatores de risco.
CRIMINAL POLICY FOR CHILDREN WHO COMMIT CRIMES FREQUENTLY FROM THE VIEWPOINT OF LEGAL GOALS
Criminal policy towards children who repeatedly commit criminal acts from the perspective of legal objectives, particularly within the Indonesian juvenile justice system. Practice of applying diversion to children who repeat offences still faces various substantial challenges, due to legal provisions that tend to limit the application of diversion for repeat cases, as well as less-than-optimal law enforcement effectiveness in promoting the social reintegration of children who are repeat offenders. This study emphasises the need for repeated reformulations of child criminal policy, which not only considers the repressive aspects but also prioritises the legal objectives of protection, rehabilitation, and preventing recidivism through a legal approach that is orientated towards the best interests of the child.
EL DERECHO AL JUEGO: LA PROMESA OLVIDADA DEL ARTÍCULO 31 DE LA CDN
Aunque consagrado en el Artículo 31 de la Convención de los Derechos del Niño (CDN), el derecho al juego sigue siendo uno de los derechos más ignorados en el derecho internacional de la infancia. Este artículo examina críticamente la marginación de dicho derecho por los Estados y por el Comité de los Derechos del Niño, órgano supervisor de la CDN. A partir de un análisis empírico de las Observaciones Finales y las Observaciones Generales del Comité, el estudio demuestra que este derecho raramente es abordado de manera sustantiva, pese a su base jurídica inequívoca y su importancia para el desarrollo infantil. De las 646 Observaciones Finales emitidas hasta enero de 2026, solo 132 (20 %) lo mencionan explícitamente, con frecuencia en términos superficiales. De las 26 Observaciones Generales adoptadas, únicamente 10 hacen referencia a él, y solo la Observación General N.º 17 está dedicada a este derecho. El artículo sostiene que tal descuido socava la indivisibilidad de los derechos del niño y tiene consecuencias graves para grupos vulnerables: niños refugiados, niños con discapacidad y quienes viven en contextos de pobreza o conflicto armado. El derecho al juego es, sin duda, el derecho más olvidado e infravalorado de la Convención.
NORMATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE ARTILLERY OF THE ARMY OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC IN THE CONTEXT OF CZECH LAW, INTERNATIONAL LAW, AND NATO
The article analyses the environmental impacts of the artillery activities of the Army of the Czech Republic within the legal and institutional framework of the Czech Republic, the European Union, and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). The research combines qualitative analysis of legal regulations, a comparative assessment of three legislative regimes, and a normative proposal of measures aimed at achieving a more environmentally sustainable performance of military functions. Emphasis is placed on soil contamination, the dispersion of toxic metals, acoustic impact, and the legislative limits of military exemptions. The study concludes that although legal frameworks exist at all levels, their practical implementation remains significantly limited due to the persistent lack of specific methodologies, effective monitoring instruments, and adequate institutional incentives. In conclusion, the article proposes concrete legal and organizational measures that may realistically contribute to better aligning defence activities with environmental protection principles without compromising the state’s defence capability overall.
DEVELOPING AND VALIDATING A SECOND-ORDER REFLECTIVE FRAMEWORK FOR SCIENTIFIC CREATIVITY COMPETENCE IN HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS: A DELPHI-SEM MIXED-METHODS APPROACH
Background and Purpose: Scientific creativity competence (SCC) is recognized as a core higher-order competence in contemporary science education, yet validated frameworks that specify observable behavioral indicators within culturally situated, physics-based STEM learning contexts remain underdeveloped. The present study aimed to develop and validate a second-order reflective SCC measurement framework for Vietnamese upper-secondary students. Design and Methods: A sequential mixed-methods design was employed across five procedural steps: (1) systematic bibliometric synthesis of 690 Scopus-indexed publications (1960-2026); (2) second-order reflective model specification; (3) two-round Delphi expert consultation (Round 1: N = 42; Round 2: N = 38, retention rate 90.5%); (4) PLS-SEM exploratory validation (n = 300, SmartPLS 4, 5,000 bootstrap resamples); and (5) CB-SEM confirmatory validation incorporating EFA and CFA (n = 1,200, SPSS 27 and AMOS 27). Quantitative participants were Grade 10 students recruited from schools in Ho Chi Minh City and Gia Lai Province via stratified sampling. Results: The proposed framework - comprising four first-order components (PRB: problem recognition; IDE: idea generation; DES: solution design; EVA: solution evaluation) operationalized through 16 behavioral indicators - achieved expert consensus rates of 86.8%-92.1% in Round 2. PLS-SEM confirmed adequate internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.752-0.792; CR = 0.843-0.865), convergent validity (AVE = 0.575-0.617), and discriminant validity (HTMT = 0.605-0.771). CFA demonstrated excellent model fit - χ²(100) = 97.892, p = 0.541; χ²/df = 0.979; GFI = 0.990; CFI = 1.000; TLI = 1.000; RMSEA = 0.000; SRMR = 0.017; PCLOSE = 1.000 - and confirmed the second-order reflective structure, with DES and PRB as the dominant reflections of SCC (β = 0.85; R² = 0.72), followed by IDE (β = 0.74) and EVA (β = 0.71). All three research hypotheses were supported. Conclusions and Implications: The validated SCC framework constitutes, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, the first psychometrically rigorous second-order measurement model for scientific creativity competence developed and normed within the Vietnamese secondary education context. The five-step Delphi-SEM procedure offers a replicable protocol for competence framework development in educational measurement. The framework provides a theoretically grounded foundation for designing assessment instruments and SCC-targeted STEM learning sequences in Physics instruction at the upper-secondary level.
TOWARDS A COMPREHENSIVE AND INTEGRATED CAPABILITY PARADIGM: ENHANCING THE SYNERGISTIC EMPLOYMENT OF POWER INSTRUMENTS IN COUNTERING HYBRID THREATS
This study aims to analyze the limitations inherent in existing approaches to capability utilization and to propose a conceptual and practical framework for enhancing the effectiveness of responses to hybrid threats. Building upon the premise that a purely comprehensive approach is no longer adequate, the research advances the argument for a comprehensive-integrated paradigm, characterized by the systemic convergence of civilian and military capabilities, across national and international, governmental and non-governmental domains. Methodologically, the research employs an interdisciplinary analytical framework, combining theoretical inquiry with empirical insights derived from the review of specialized literature, case study analysis, and participation in inter-institutional exercises. This approach facilitates both a broad and in-depth understanding of the hybrid operational environment, as well as the dynamic interactions among relevant actors. Furthermore, the study highlights the need for a Comprehensive and Integrated Capability Strategy to ensure coherent alignment of actions, capabilities, and effects. Ultimately, it argues that transitioning from coordination to genuine integration enables the generation of cumulative and cascading effects, enhancing the effectiveness and strategic impact of responses to hybrid threats.
BIG DATA IN POLITICAL COMMUNICATION: GLOBAL TRENDS, THEMATIC CLUSTERS, AND RESEARCH GAPS FROM A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
The convergence of big data and political communication has arisen as an important research subject in the digital age, providing both benefits and challenges to democratic processes. While big data allows for more tailored and data-driven political campaigns, it also raises questions about transparency, deception, and democratic accountability. Despite growing scholarly attention, the area remains divided across disciplines and geographically centered in Western contexts, resulting in considerable gaps in the literature. This work tackles these gaps by doing a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 recommendations and combining it with bibliometric analysis using VOSviewer. A total of 45 publications published between 2019 and 2024 were examined to identify research trends, thematic clusters, institutional contributions, and regional distributions. The findings indicate four main insights: (1) publication trends have increased significantly since 2015, with notable increases during the COVID-19 pandemic; (2) research is dominated by the United States and Spain, creating a potential Western-centric bias; (3) leading contributions come from a limited number of universities, indicating the need for broader collaboration networks; and (4) the field is inherently interdisciplinary, with social sciences as the dominant discipline but increasingly complemented by com The study focuses on understudied topics such as non-Western cultures, emergent platforms like TikTok, and the ethical implications of algorithmic governance. This study, which uses SLR and bibliometric methodologies, presents a comprehensive overview of the area, identifies existing gaps, and outlines future possibilities for expanding theory and practice in big data and political communication.
LEGAL PROTECTION OF CHILDREN’S RIGHTS IN THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF WADEEMA’S LAW AND THE UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION ON THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD (UNCRC)
Human rights protection is quintessential, particularly when it has to do with children. This is a principle that is fundamentally sustained in religions, cultures and throughout legal systems. In this study, we assess the variety of legal protections available to children in the United Arab Emirates under a well-known law (Wadeema’s Law) and its coherence with a well-known global convention (United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child; UNCRC). A comparative doctrinal analysis is used to identify important gaps that exist within the Wadeema’s Law, especially as related to children’s right to education, health, right to be protected from violence, exploitation and discrimination, child participation and the prioritization of their self-interests. Despite the monumental contribution of Wadeema’s Law to child protection in the UAE, some lacuna still exists when benchmarked against the standards of UNCRC. More so, notwithstanding UAE’s impressive achievements, legal reforms are important if the existing systemic challenges are to be overcome and full compliance with international norms achieved while in proper alignment with Islamic law.
DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF A RETRIEVAL-AUGMENTED AI TUTOR FOR ACADEMIC ENGLISH WRITING IN SAUDI HIGHER EDUCATION
There has been growing interest in the role that academic English writing plays in assessment, publishing, and employment opportunities for initiatives that aim at improving national capability in Saudi Arabia [29,30]. However, in parallel with growing popularity of use of generative AI for writing amongst students, validating this AI raises challenge as it can produce unlimited writing fluently with either false references or overwrite the authoring process while masking their logical thinking behind elegant writing. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is a technical remedy as it entails generation of text by retrieving knowledge from the source corpus which can be more readily auditable [3,4]. This research paper provides a review of existing literature published in the years 2020-2025 covering various aspects of RAG architecture, retrieval evaluation, LLM adaptation, and academic integrity governance towards designing and evaluating an AI tutor based on the RAG technology for academic English writing. In compliance with PRISMA guidelines [1] for the design-synthesis methodology of systems [2], a methodology strategy adopted for this purpose encompasses failure mode analysis vis-à-vis system controls and performance indicator analysis resulting in (i) the reference architecture consisting of authorized corpus, hybrid retrieval and re-ranking, schema awareness in tutoring, quality gates, and monitoring and (ii) two synthesis tables of design criteria and evaluation standards along with deployment requirements.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, FINANCIAL INCLUSION, AND DEBT FINANCING IN SAUDI ARABIA: SUPPORTING SAUDI VISION 2030
Financial inclusion is seen as one of the pillars of economic diversification and sustainable development in Saudi Arabia, with particular reference to the Saudi Vision 2030 initiative. Expanding access to credit and debt financing for individuals, small and medium enterprises, and the less financially included remains important for entrepreneurship, inequality reduction, and private sector growth. Nevertheless, the application of credit assessment tools is seen to be excluding high-value credit applicants owing to the lack of credit history. This article seeks to investigate the role played by artificial intelligence in enhancing financial inclusion and access to debt financing in Saudi Arabia. It is believed that the application of machine learning algorithms, alternative data analytics, and credit scoring tools can enhance the expansion of access to credit and debt financing. Financial inclusion is seen to be improved through the application of predictive models, digital lending tools, and data-driven decision-making tools. Based on the investigation, it is evident that the application of credit evaluation tools is important in enhancing financial inclusion and access to credit and debt financing. Furthermore, the investigation highlights the importance of considering the governance, regulatory, and ethical issues related to the application of lending tools. As the government seeks to achieve its economic objectives through the application of technology innovation, this research highlights the importance of enhancing access to credit and debt financing through the application of artificial intelligence tools in the Saudi Arabian economy.
O ARTIGO 170 DA CONSTITUIÇÃO DE 1988 À LUZ DA TEORIA CRÍTICA DO DIREITO: ENTRE JOAQUIM HERRERA FLORES, ANTONIO NEGRI E EVGENY PACHUKANIS
O artigo investiga os limites e as possibilidades do direito como instrumento de emancipação no contexto da ordem econômica constitucional brasileira. Parte-se do problema da tensão entre reprodução das relações de dominação e potencial emancipatório, tomando como referência o art. 170 da Constituição de 1988. O estudo analisa três matrizes da teoria jurídica crítica: a abordagem comunicativa de Herrera Flores, a perspectiva do comum em Antonio Negri e a crítica estrutural da forma jurídica em Pachukanis. Utiliza-se o método materialista histórico-dialético, articulado à análise de decisões do Supremo Tribunal Federal, para examinar como a tensão entre capital e trabalho se manifesta na prática jurídica. Os resultados indicam que o direito não supera tais contradições, mas as reorganiza sob forma normativa, operando como mecanismo de estabilização da ordem capitalista. Embora existam possibilidades de disputa e ressignificação no interior da normatividade, sua capacidade transformadora permanece condicionada às determinações materiais que o estruturam. Conclui-se que a emancipação não se realiza por meio da conciliação normativa, mas exige o enfrentamento das bases sociais que sustentam a forma jurídica.
Gabriel Guerra Miranda Muzeka dos Santos
EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE, BIOÉTICA E CRISE CLIMÁTICA: MEDIAÇÕES PARA O ENFRENTAMENTO DA VULNERABILIDADE SOCIOAMBIENTAL
A crise climática constitui determinante estrutural das iniquidades em saúde e incide de forma desproporcional sobre populações historicamente vulnerabilizadas em territórios de precariedade socioambiental. Embora a educação em saúde seja reconhecida como estratégia relevante no enfrentamento dessas iniquidades, persiste lacuna na literatura quanto à sua articulação sistemática com referenciais bioéticos críticos no contexto da justiça climática. Objetivou-se analisar a educação em saúde, fundamentada nas bioéticas da proteção e de intervenção, como dispositivo ético-político de fortalecimento da autonomia relacional e de promoção da justiça em saúde em contextos de vulnerabilidade socioambiental intensificada pela crise climática. Trata-se de revisão integrativa da literatura, de abordagem qualitativa, com buscas sistematizadas nas bases SciELO, PubMed/MEDLINE, LILACS, Scopus e Google Acadêmico, no período de 2015 a 2025, seguida de análise temática dedutiva organizada em cinco eixos analíticos. O corpus final foi composto por 48 referências submetidas à leitura integral e à análise crítica. Os resultados indicam que práticas educativas territorializadas, dialógicas e participativas contribuem para reduzir assimetrias informacionais, fortalecer a autonomia relacional e ampliar a capacidade de resposta comunitária. Conclui-se que a educação em saúde, integrada à Vigilância em Saúde e à bioética, constitui mediação ético-política estruturante no enfrentamento das vulnerabilidades socioambientais, com potencial de aplicação no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde.
FACTORES ASOCIADOS A LA DESERCIÓN UNIVERSITARIA EN EL CONTEXTO PERUANO DESDE UNA REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA
La deserción universitaria constituye una problemática persistente en los sistemas de educación superior debido a sus implicancias académicas, sociales y económicas. En el contexto peruano, este fenómeno adquiere especial relevancia por las brechas socioeconómicas, las limitaciones en la preparación académica previa y las debilidades en los mecanismos de acompañamiento institucional. El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar los factores asociados a la deserción universitaria en el contexto peruano desde una revisión sistemática. Para la metodología se estableció un enfoque cualitativo y la investigación del tipo documental ejecutando una revisión sistemática de veintidos (22) trabajos de investigación seleccionados entre 2021 y 2026, en donde se aplicó los protocolos PRISMA (2020). Con respecto a los resultados, se tiene como hallazgo que los factores que inciden en la deserción universitaria son: académicos, socioeconómicos, psicológicos, multidimensional, tecnológico e institucional. Donde lo institucional y lo socioeconómico ejerce mayor presión en el estudiante universitario. Entre las conclusiones, se encontró que los factores no presionan al estudiante de forma aislada sino que la combinación de todos obliga al estudiante a abandonar la universidad.
COM A MORTE AO LADO: DINÂMICAS DE PODER, VIOLÊNCIA DE GÊNERO E CAUSALIDADE DO FEMINICÍDIO NO BRASIL COMO EXPRESSÃO DA DOMINAÇÃO MASCULINA
No Brasil contemporâneo, o feminicídio se consolida como expressão extrema da violência de gênero, atravessada por relações históricas de poder e dominação masculina. Em 2025, o país registrou 6.904 casos de feminicídios consumados e tentados, com crescimento de 34% em relação ao ano anterior, segundo dados do Laboratório de Estudos de Feminicídios (LESFEM). Predominantemente, esses crimes ocorrem no âmbito doméstico e envolvem parceiros ou ex-parceiros, revelando a centralidade das relações íntimas na dinâmica da violência. O presente estudo tem como objeto de pesquisa a análise das dinâmicas de poder e das relações de dominação masculina que estruturam a causalidade do feminicídio no Brasil, tomando como base os dados empíricos do LESFEM e sua leitura crítica à luz das teorias de gênero. Diante disso, estabelece-se como pergunta de partida: de que maneira as relações de poder, inscritas na estrutura patriarcal da sociedade brasileira, operam na produção e reprodução do feminicídio como expressão extrema da violência de gênero? Teoricamente, foram utilizados os dados quantitativos sobre feminicídio do LESFEM (2026) e para a análise recorremos a Davis (2017; 2018), hooks (2013; 2018; 2019), Segato (2003; 2013; 2016; 2018; 2021a; 2021b), Saffioti (2015), Scott (2012; 2018), Federici (2017; 2019), Beauvoir (2014), Walby (1991), Kelly (2013), Presser (2013), Lagarde (2001), Johnson (2008), Millett (1995), Riutort e Raya (2023), Wittig (1992), Scheper-Hughes (2020), Collins (2000; 2019), Bourdieu (1989; 2012), Dobash e Dobash (1992), Connell (2005; 2009), Bertolin, Angotti e Vieira (2020), Sousa Santos (2016), Brownmiller (1993), Pateman (1993), Stark (2007), Héritier (1996), Hearn (1992; 1998), Radford e Russell (1992), Herman (2015), Walker (2009), entre outros. A pesquisa é quantitativa e qualitativa (Minayo, 2007), descritiva e bibliográfica (Gil, 2008) e com o viés analítico compreensivo (Weber, 1949). Os resultados indicam que o feminicídio se estrutura como desfecho de relações de poder historicamente assimétricas, nas quais o controle masculino sobre a vida e a autonomia das mulheres se intensifica, sobretudo, em contextos de ruptura afetiva. Os dados evidenciam a centralidade do espaço doméstico e das relações íntimas, bem como a incidência ampliada entre mulheres em condições de vulnerabilidade social, revelando a articulação entre gênero, raça e classe. Constatou-se, ainda, que as respostas institucionais permanecem predominantemente reativas, o que limita a prevenção e contribui para a reprodução contínua da violência.
GESTIÓN MUNICIPAL DEL CUSCO DESDE UN MODELO DE ECUACIONES ESTRUCTURALES APLICADO A SERVICIOS BÁSICOS URBANOS
En la investigación se planteó como objetivo analizar la gestión municipal del cusco desde un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales aplicado a servicios básicos urbanos. Se propone un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales que integra tres dimensiones clave de la gestión municipal: limpieza pública, seguridad ciudadana y transporte público. En cuanto a la metodología el estudio sigue n enfoque cuantitativo bajo la investigación confirmatoria. La información fue obtenida mediante una encuesta aplicada a una muestra de 467 ciudadanos residentes del área urbana, utilizando un instrumento estructurado basado en escalas tipo Likert. El modelo fue estimado mediante análisis de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM) utilizando el método de máxima verosimilitud. Los resultados muestran que el modelo reespecificado presenta un ajuste adecuado (χ²/gl = 1.647; RMSEA = 0.037; RMR = 0.075), evidenciando una representación empírica satisfactoria de las relaciones entre las variables analizadas. En el modelo estructural, la seguridad ciudadana muestra el mayor efecto sobre la satisfacción municipal (β = 0.42), seguida por la limpieza pública (β = 0.38) y el transporte público (β = 0.29), todos con efectos estadísticamente significativos. Los hallazgos sugieren que la satisfacción ciudadana con la gestión municipal constituye una evaluación multidimensional influida por la calidad percibida de los servicios urbanos básicos. Estos resultados aportan evidencia empírica relevante para el diseño de políticas públicas orientadas a mejorar la calidad de los servicios municipales y fortalecer la gobernanza urbana.
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THE EFFECT OF ROE, LDR, NPL, AND GOVERNMENT OWNERSHIP ON PRICE TO BOOK VALUE: EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIA’S STATE-OWNED BANKS USING ARDL-PMG APPROACH (2004–2024)
The objective of this study is to examine the impact of Return on Equity (ROE), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Non-Performing Loans (NPLs), and government ownership on Price to Book Value (PBV) of state-owned banks (Himbara) in Indonesia during the period 2004–2024. Using a quantitative approach, this study applies the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model with the Pooled Mean Group (PMG) estimator for both short-term and long-term dynamics. The results show that ROE has a significant positive effect on PBV, indicating that profitability remains a key determinant of company valuation. LDR exhibits a mixed effect, reflecting liquidity management considerations, while NPLs have a significant negative impact in the long run, high lighting the importance of credit risk management. Government ownership exhibits a significant moderating role, suggesting that state involvement influences market and valuation stability. The ARDL-PMG results confirm the existence of a long-run equilibrium relationship.
BALANCING DOMESTIC CONSTRAINTS AND INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTS: THE CASE OF TAIWAN’S ENERGY POLICY
In this research, we explore the energy environment in Taiwan shaped by domestic industrial demand and external geostrategic pressures. It is still very heavily dependent on imported fossil fuels and we find that electricity generating capacity is dominated by coal, oil and natural gas. Large consumers like TSMC highlight the strategic importance of energy security. The governance of the electric sector highlights the underlying tensions that exist between promoting economic development, environmental sustainability, and public opposition to the use of nuclear power. The government has responded to this with efforts to promote renewable sources of energy such as solar, wind, bio-energy, geothermal energy and ocean energy through feed in tariffs, electricity policy and infrastructure subsidies. However, by the end of 2024 renewable energy sources produced only 11.9% of Taipower’s generated electricity which indicates the problems associated with fully substituting thermal supply. The decentralized nature of the supply of renewable energy sources exposes governmental policy problems in addressing the local energy demands. It is still far too uneven, and also notable are the demands of the businesses in the sector for efficiency in production that are at odds with socio-environmental objectives. The energy future for Taiwan lies in addressing the balance between sustainability, energy security and electricity diplomacy in response to changes in present international relations.
Cancer treatment is a complex and multidisciplinary process, which requires the cooperation of various medical fields (biology, pharmacology, clinical medicine, etc.). Mathematical modeling is used as a powerful tool to analyze the effectiveness of drug therapy in cancer treatment and optimize the fight against the disease. This article will present mathematical models related to cancer treatment, theories on tumor cell growth, drug effects, and optimization of the treatment process.
APPLICATION OF THE PROCESSES KINEMATIC SUPPORT AND KINEMATIC GRIP IN WEIGHTLESS CONDITIONS
The space industry is increasingly developing its branches in our time. The enormous wealth that the Universe offers is changing people's perception of the category of "wealth". The need for new activities in space imposes new challenges to the designs of spacecraft and their functionality. The space industry will begin with contact, that is, landing, capture and manipulation of small space objects (asteroids). The ability to apply and control the physical processes and phenomena during contact of two bodies in space is of paramount importance for the capture and manipulation of various space objects. In this material, only the physical processes of support and capture will be considered. The connection of robotics and astronautics provides solutions to a number of constructive issues in the kinematic synthesis of future spacecraft intended for the space industry.
EFFICACY OF TWO MODES OF PEER LEARNING STRATEGIES ON SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS' ENGAGEMENT IN GRAPHICAL ECONOMICS CONTENT: IMPLICATION FOR CURRICULUM SPECIALIST AND EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND PLANNING
This study investigated the effect of two modes of peer learning strategies (Peer-to-Peer and Peer-Led Team Learning) on students’ engagement in graphical analysis-related contents of Economics. The study adopted a quasi-experimental design involving pre-test and post-test non-equivalent groups. The population comprised al the 2,130 senior secondary school II students offering Economics, while the sample size of 167 SS II students was drawn using multistage sampling procedure. Data were collected using a validated engagement response questionnaire and analysed using mean and standard deviation to answer research questions, while analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to test hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study revealed that students taught using the Peer-to-Peer strategy had higher mean engagement scores than those taught using Peer-Led Team Learning. The study also found that male students had higher engagement scores than female students in graphical analysis-related contents of Economics. However, there was no significant interaction effect of instructional strategy and gender on students’ engagement, indicating that both male and female students benefited similarly from the peer learning strategies. Based on the findings, it was concluded that peer learning strategies, particularly Peer-to-Peer, are effective in enhancing students’ engagement in Economics graphical analysis. The study recommended that Economics teachers should adopt student-centered and collaborative instructional strategies to improve engagement and learning outcomes among students.
A GREEN INNOVATION–DRIVEN TEACHING FACTORY MODEL FOR ECOPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT IN VOCATIONAL EDUCATION
The growing urgency of sustainability challenges has encouraged vocational education to integrate sustainability-oriented entrepreneurship into its learning models. This study examines the effect of a green innovation–driven teaching factory model on students’ ecopreneurship competencies. A quantitative survey was conducted involving 36 vocational students participating in a teaching factory programme at SMKS BPP Kota Bandung. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire based on a five-point Likert scale, covering green innovation practices, teaching factory learning processes, and ecopreneurship competencies. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were employed to examine the relationships among variables. The results indicate that green innovation integrated into teaching factory learning has a positive and statistically significant effect on students’ ecopreneurship competencies. Students engaged in green innovation–based activities demonstrate higher environmental awareness, improved recognition of sustainable opportunities, and greater entrepreneurial readiness. These findings highlight the importance of embedding green innovation within vocational learning to support sustainability and green economy agendas, while contributing to the development of ecopreneurship in vocational education.
3D BIOPRINTING OF OCULAR TISSUES: CURRENT PROGRESS, CHALLENGES AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES IN REGENERATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY
Background: Eye tissue disorders affect millions globally, with limited treatment options due to tissue donor shortages and transplant complications. Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technology has emerged as a promising approach for fabricating functional ocular tissues for both research and therapeutic applications. Objective: This narrative review evaluates the current state of 3D bioprinting technologies for ocular tissue engineering, focusing on cornea, retina, conjunctiva, and iris. We critically assess printing methodologies, bioink formulations, cellular components, and translational challenges. Methods: A comprehensive narrative review of the literature was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases for publications from 2018-2025. Articles were selected based on relevance to 3D bioprinting of biological ocular tissues with cellular components. Of 113 initially identified articles, 49 met inclusion criteria after quality assessment. Results: Current bioprinting approaches employ extrusion-based, inkjet, and laser-assisted techniques. Key limitations include achieving appropriate mechanical properties, vascularization, and regulatory compliance. Conclusion: While 3D bioprinting of ocular tissues has advanced substantially, significant technical and biological barriers must be overcome before clinical translation. Standardization of bioink formulations, improved printing resolution, and long-term functionality studies are critical next steps.
MACROECONOMIC POLICY AND LABOUR MARKET OUTCOMES IN NIGERIA: PARTICIPATION AND PRODUCTIVITY EVIDENCE
Nigeria’s labour market exhibits persistent informality, weak productivity growth, and volatile participation rates despite macroeconomic reforms, necessitating rigorous investigation into policy transmission mechanisms shaping employment quality, workforce engagement, and sustainable economic transformation. This study examines the transmission of macroeconomic policy to labour force participation and labour productivity in Nigeria within a unified econometric framework. Using annual time-series data (1990–2023) from the National Bureau of Statistics, Central Bank of Nigeria, World Development Indicators, and ILOSTAT, the analysis specifies dual equations capturing the extensive and intensive margins of labour market performance. An ARDL–Error Correction modelling approach is employed to distinguish short-run dynamics from long-run structural relationships. The results indicate that fiscal expansion and human capital investment significantly enhance labour participation and productivity, while monetary tightening exerts contractionary effects on labour absorption and efficiency. Error-correction estimates confirm stable long-run linkages between macroeconomic policy instruments and labour outcomes. The findings underscore the importance of coordinated fiscal prioritization, employment-sensitive monetary stabilization, and skills alignment reforms in addressing Nigeria’s productivity paradox and pervasive informality, thereby strengthening the macro–labour transmission mechanism for inclusive growth.
FROM POLICY TO PRACTICE: GOVERNANCE MECHANISMS AND ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS IN NIGERIA
Integrated governance mechanisms, characterized by transparency, inter-agency coordination, and subnational accountability, function as the essential catalysts for transforming formal policy into tangible progress, thereby enhancing the probability of achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This study examines how governance mechanisms translate formal SDGs commitments into measurable development outcomes in Nigeria using state-level panel data and mixed-method evidence. Results show that a one–standard deviation improvement in government effectiveness raises SDGs performance by 0.18–0.25 standard deviations, while accountability improvements reduce poverty incidence by 8–12 percent. Mechanism analysis indicates that governance operates primarily through enhanced budget execution, service delivery efficiency, and citizen monitoring. Heterogeneity estimates reveal stronger effects in fiscally autonomous and institutionally stronger states, underscoring contextual constraints. Qualitative case evidence further corroborates these institutional transmission channels. The findings demonstrate that SDG progress in low-capacity settings depends less on policy expansion and more on strengthening implementation institutions, offering scalable lessons for decentralized developing economies.
EVALUATING THE CORRELATION BETWEEN CRUDE OIL PRICE AND GOVERNMENT REVENUE IN NIGERIA, 2000-2024
This research examines how fluctuations in crude oil prices affect government revenue in Nigeria from 2000 to 2024, a timeframe characterized by notable shifts in global oil prices and significant economic developments. The study aims to evaluate the volatility of crude oil prices, determine its impact on government revenue, and analyze the direct influence of oil prices on revenue generation. It focuses on the period from 2010 to 2024, utilizing a dataset of 300 monthly observations. Secondary data was collected from various sources, including the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC), Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), World Bank, and the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA).). The data analysis employed rigorous econometric techniques, including the GARCH (1,1) model to measure volatility, ARDL bounds testing for cointegration, and OLS regression for hypothesis testing. The findings reveal that oil price volatility has a significant adverse impact on government revenue, with a coefficient of -187.456 billion Naira (p < 0.01), indicating a substantial decline in revenue for every unit increase in volatility. Conversely, a rise in oil prices positively affects revenue, yielding an additional 6.99 billion Naira per dollar increase. The study concludes that Nigeria's heavy dependence on oil revenue makes its fiscal stability highly vulnerable to global oil market volatility. Recommendations include the development of fiscal plans that insulate public spending from short-term oil revenue fluctuations, diversification of the economy to reduce reliance on oil, and the establishment of robust counter-cyclical fiscal strategies to lessen the effects of fluctuations in oil prices.
LEVERAGING PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS FOR THE QUALITY-OF-SERVICE DELIVERY IN HEALTH CENTRES
Across various industries, performance management systems (PMS) are crucial for improving organisational effectiveness and guaranteeing the provision of high-quality services. With an emphasis on important elements like goal-setting, performance evaluation, feedback, training, and leadership support, this study examined the impact of PMS on service quality. Employee data was gathered through structured questionnaires, and regression analysis and descriptive statistics were used for analysis. A statistically significant positive correlation between PMS and service delivery quality was found in the results, suggesting that a large amount of the diversity in service outcomes can be explained by efficient performance management. Organisations with well-implemented PMS were found to benefit from increased employee motivation, competence, and accountability, which translated into improvements in timeliness, responsiveness, reliability, and overall satisfaction among service recipients. These results highlight the importance of systematically implementing and continuously refining performance management practices to achieve organisational objectives and promote excellence in service delivery. For managers and policymakers, the study underscores the need to prioritise PMS as a strategic tool that not only strengthens organisational performance but also supports sustainable service excellence over time.
INVESTIGATING STRUCTURAL CAREER PLATEAU AND THE PERFORMANCE OF ACADEMICS IN THE INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER LEARNING
The professional growth and productivity of university lecturers are essential drivers of academic excellence, yet structural career plateau remains a persistent challenge in higher education. This research investigates how structural career plateau affects academics’ job performance, with particular attention to career stagnation and its impact on teaching quality. The study focused on a total population of 6,250 academic staff, from which 362 were chosen through stratified sampling using proportional representation. Information was gathered using structured questionnaires, and the data were analysed with descriptive statistical methods and Spearman’s Rank Correlation through SPSS software. The results indicated a strong and statistically significant association between structural career plateau and the performance of academics. The study concludes that structural career plateau significantly impacts academics’ performance. It is recommended that institutions of higher learning adopt policies to improve career progression, institutionalize continuous professional development, and provide mentorship and sabbatical opportunities, thereby enhancing academics’ performances, student outcomes, and overall institutional effectiveness.
EXPLORING BEST PRACTICES IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF DISCIPLINARY MEASURES IN THE WORKPLACE
Disciplinary measures ensures that an organisation has an effective and productive workforce, which assists in achieving strategic and operational objectives within the workplace. To attain this, organisations need to implement disciplinary measures in the most effective manner possible and according to existing best practices. The objective of this paper was to recommend best practices in relation to how disciplinary measures are implemented in workplaces. To achieve this, a qualitative research design was utilised by means of a case study strategy, using semi-structured interview to gather data. A total of ten participants was purposively selected within the case organisation, where participant responses was thematically analysed. The findings of the study revealed that a thorough and comprehensive investigation should be conducted where alleged misconduct is suspected, and reliable and credible evidence from such investigations should be used before instituting disciplinary proceedings. Once obtained, approval should be sought by line management from a higher authority, and disciplinary proceedings should observe substantive and procedural fairness elements. The disciplinary panel presiding over disciplinary measures must also be objective and unbiased. It is recommended that thorough investigations be conducted into alleged misconduct and that credible evidence be used to institute disciplinary proceedings. Moreover, HR/ER staff should support and advise line management during the implementation of disciplinary measures, which should be presided over by a competent and objective disciplinary panel.
INSTITUTIONAL AND MACROECONOMIC INFLUENCERS OF LOAN PERFORMANCE IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICAN CONTEXT
Non-performing loans (NPLs) continue to pose a significant risk to bank stability in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), yet the institutional and macroeconomic factors that influence their dynamics are not well understood. The present research focuses on the degree to which the quality of institutions and the macroeconomic indicators cause the loan performance in the context of a panel ARDL model in the SSA economies between 1996 and 2023. The institutional quality is modelled by a composite index that is built with Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and this guarantees a statistically sound aggregation of six fundamental aspects of governance. The empirical results indicate that the quality of institutions is decisive in enhancing loan performance. The economic size (GDP level) also displays a negative and statistically significant impact on NPLs and it is possible to suggest that larger and more diversified economies have a higher risk-absorption capacity and a more resilient credit system. Inflation on the other hand has a positive and sizable effect on NPLs proving that price instability undermines borrowers’ repayment power and increases credit risk. The effects of unemployment and monetary policy rate are theoretically consistent yet statistically insignificant, and this means that their impacts on NPLs may not be the same in different countries and may be transmitted through indirect mechanisms. The coefficient of Error Correction Mechanism (ECM) (-0.892) that is significant at the 5% level proves the presence of fast adjustment towards long-run equilibrium, meaning that there are powerful corrective forces in the institutional and macroeconomic systems. In sum, the paper highlights institutional quality and macroeconomic stability specifically inflation control as the key to mitigating credit fragility and increasing banking sector resilience in SSA.
MANEJO INTERDISCIPLINAR EM PSIQUIATRIA DA DEPRESSÃO NA FIBROMIALGIA NA REDE DE ATENÇÃO À SAÚDE: REVISÃO DE ESCOPO
OBJETIVO: Mapear e analisar as evidências científicas sobre o manejo interdisciplinar em psiquiatria da depressão em pessoas com fibromialgia na rede de atenção à saúde, identificando estratégias assistenciais e lacunas existentes na literatura. MÉTODOS: Revisão de escopo realizada entre janeiro e março de 2026, conduzida conforme o Joanna Briggs Institute e diretrizes PRISMA-ScR. Utilizou-se a estratégia PCC: população (pessoas com fibromialgia e depressão), conceito (manejo interdisciplinar em psiquiatria, incluindo intervenções farmacológicas, psicoterapêuticas e multiprofissionais) e contexto (rede de atenção à saúde). As buscas foram realizadas nas bases PubMed, Medline, Scopus, Embase e Cochrane Library, com complementação no Google Acadêmico. Incluíram-se estudos dos últimos cinco anos, em todos os idiomas, com foco em intervenções interdisciplinares; excluíram-se estudos não alinhados ao escopo. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO: Foram incluídos 12 estudos. As evidências demonstram que o manejo interdisciplinar eficaz integra psicoterapia, reabilitação física, intervenções mente-corpo, educação em saúde e coordenação longitudinal do cuidado, com destaque para o papel da atenção primária e da enfermagem. Diferentes modelos psicoterápicos apresentam eficácia semelhante, enquanto intervenções combinadas e programas estruturados mostram melhores desfechos em dor, funcionalidade e sintomas depressivos. A depressão emerge como determinante central da evolução clínica da fibromialgia, exigindo rastreio e manejo sistemático. Persistem lacunas quanto à padronização de protocolos e organização formal de linhas de cuidado. CONCLUSÃO: O manejo interdisciplinar da depressão na fibromialgia deve ser contínuo, integrado e centrado na pessoa, com articulação entre múltiplas estratégias terapêuticas na rede de atenção à saúde, embora ainda existam limitações metodológicas e ausência de modelos assistenciais consolidados.
ASSOCIAÇÃO ENTRE AGONISTAS DO RECEPTOR GLP-1 E DESFECHOS CARDIOMETABÓLICOS NA OBESIDADE: REVISÃO DE ESCOPO
OBJETIVO: Mapear e analisar as evidências científicas sobre o uso de agonistas do receptor de GLP-1 no manejo da obesidade e as lacunas existentes na literatura. MÉTODOS: Revisão de escopo realizada entre janeiro e março de 2026, conduzida conforme o Joanna Briggs Institute e o PRISMA-ScR, com protocolo registrado na Open Science Framework. Utilizou-se a estratégia PCC: adultos com obesidade ou excesso de peso em manejo clínico; uso de agonistas do receptor de GLP-1; e manejo clínico da obesidade em diferentes cenários assistenciais. As buscas foram realizadas em PubMed, Medline, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library e Google Acadêmico. Incluíram-se estudos completos dos últimos cinco anos, em todos os idiomas, com foco em efeitos clínicos, aplicações terapêuticas e implicações no controle ponderal. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO: Foram incluídos 12 estudos. As evidências demonstram que os agonistas do receptor de GLP-1, especialmente a semaglutida, promovem perda de peso significativa e sustentada, além de benefícios cardiometabólicos relevantes, incluindo melhora glicêmica e reversão de pré-diabetes. Formulações injetáveis e orais mostraram eficácia em diferentes populações, inclusive adolescentes e grupos asiáticos. Entretanto, a suspensão do tratamento associa-se à recuperação ponderal e à perda parcial dos benefícios metabólicos. Estudos de vida real confirmam parte desses efeitos, mas revelam baixa adesão e persistência terapêutica como barreiras centrais. CONCLUSÃO: Os agonistas do receptor de GLP-1 configuram estratégia eficaz no manejo da obesidade, mas sua efetividade depende de uso contínuo, adesão sustentada e integração com estratégias de cuidado longitudinal e personalizado.
RETHINKING SUSTAINABILITY: LINKING ENERGY TRANSITION AND CIRCULAR ECONOMY IN A CHANGING GLOBAL CONTEXT
The growing urgency of climate change and the increasing pressure on natural resources have led to a renewed focus on how energy systems and production models are structured. In this context, the transition towards cleaner energy sources is often presented as a key solution for improving environmental outcomes. However, it is becoming increasingly clear that energy transition alone may not be sufficient to achieve broader sustainability goals. This study takes a step back and examines how sustainability can be better understood when energy transition is considered together with circular economy practices. Rather than treating these two areas as separate policy domains, the study adopts an integrated perspective and explores how they interact and potentially reinforce each other. Drawing on recent academic studies and international policy discussions, the analysis suggests that improvements in energy systems—such as increasing the share of renewable energy or enhancing energy efficiency—tend to have a positive effect on environmental performance. At the same time, circular economy practices, including resource efficiency, recycling, and the reuse of materials, appear to play a complementary role by reducing overall resource demand and supporting more sustainable production systems. The findings highlight that meaningful progress in sustainability is more likely to be achieved when energy transition is supported by changes in material use and production patterns. This paper is also shaped by the increasing policy discussions around sustainability transitions, particularly in the European context. From a policy perspective, this implies that strategies focusing solely on energy may overlook important dimensions of sustainability. Instead, a more integrated approach—one that brings together energy, resource efficiency, and circularity—may offer a more effective pathway towards long-term sustainable development. This integrated perspective contributes to the growing debate on sustainable development by highlighting the importance of aligning energy and resource systems.
FUTURE-READY SAFETY PROFESSIONALS IN SAUDI AVIATION SECTOR IN LINE WITH VISION 2030
The fast growth of the aviation industry in Saudi Arabia, as part of Vision 2030, is leading to a bigger need for skilled and up-to-date safety experts. Keeping aviation safe in a fast-changing and high-tech world needs a team that has strong technical skills along with good knowledge in human behavior, managing risks, and making smart decisions. This study looks into the methods and structures required to train safety professionals in Saudi's aviation industry so they can keep up with future challenges. The study uses a qualitative and conceptual method to combine industry knowledge and views on training management. It looks at important topics like building skills, ongoing professional learning, changes brought by digital technology, and a strong focus on safety. The results show that today's safety experts need to have both technical know-how and good people skills, as well as the ability to keep up with new technologies like artificial intelligence and data analysis. The study also highlights the need to match training programs with global aviation standards and the goals of Vision 2030. The research shows that putting money into organized training, learning based on skills, and continuous learning within organizations is important for creating a strong and prepared aviation safety team in Saudi Arabia.
EDUCATING COMMUNITIES THROUGH CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY: THE ROLE OF COLLABORATIVE GOVERNANCE IN COMMUNITY CAPACITY BUILDING
Corporate Social Responsibility is increasingly framed as a community education and capacity building strategy rather than short-term assistance. Collaborative governance is crucial in shaping participation, learning continuity, and sustainability. This study examines how CSR is enacted through collaborative governance and how it influences community capacity building in Padang Lawas Regency. Using a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews, field observation, and document analysis involving corporate actors, village governments, public service providers, youth organisations, educational institutions, and community members. Analysis focused on governance dynamics and community learning processes within CSR practices. CSR implementation remains predominantly assistance-oriented, emphasising charitable and infrastructure programmes that reinforce transactional relations and limit sustained social learning. Collaborative governance is weakly institutionalised, with centralised corporate decision-making, administrative village roles, and beneficiary-based community participation. As a result, community learning is fragmented, short-lived, and weakly institutionalised, while collaboration with public health services produces only ad hoc learning effects. The study conceptualises CSR as a CSR-Based Community Learning Ecosystem dependent on facilitative leadership, institutional design, and sustained collaboration. Strengthening CSR as community education requires deliberative spaces, locally grounded learning pathways, and measurable capacity outcomes to support durable community capability.
A PROTEÇÃO DO MEIO AMBIENTE E O REFLEXO ECONÔMICO NA EMPRESA COM VISTAS AO DIREITO COMPARADO
O presente artigo visa analisar o impacto econômico que a proteção ambiental impõe às empresas e aos meios de produção, refletindo diretamente nos investimentos programados e no valor dos produtos e serviços. Tema recorrente na doutrina pátria e direito comparado, em uma análise crítica-dogmática a pesquisa doutrinária utilizará o método empírico dialético. No exercício da atividade, a empresa deve encontrar um equilíbrio que possibilite dosar os malefícios ambientais da produção aos padrões legais e sociais aceitáveis. A atuação empresária se alicerça em duas premissas principais: a busca pelo lucro e o risco da atividade com as diferentes nuances econômicas que poderão afetá-la. Diante da função socioambiental da empresa é possível concluir que compatibilizando o desenvolvimento sustentável com os investimentos financeiros necessários rompe-se o paradigma do modelo econômico atual do lucro pelo lucro, substituindo pelo social capitalismo que encontra bases na solidariedade social para retribuir à sociedade em ações efetivas.
FROM INTERNAL MARKETING STIMULI TO TOURISM EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE: A STIMULUS-ORGANISM-RESPONSE (SOR) PERSPECTIVE IN VIETNAM
This study investigates the psychological mechanisms linking internal marketing (IM) to employee job performance in the tourism industry by incorporating philanthropic resources (PR) as a novel personal factor. Drawing on the Stimulus–Organism–Response (S–O–R) framework, Social Exchange Theory, and the Job Demands–Resources model, the research examines the mediating roles of job satisfaction and organizational commitment, as well as the moderating effect of PR. Data were collected from 376 travel employees in Vietnam and analyzed using PLS-SEM. The findings reveal that IM significantly enhances job satisfaction and organizational commitment, which in turn improve job performance. PR also exerts direct positive effects and acts as a psychological amplifier that strengthens the IM–performance relationship. This study contributes by integrating nonprofit-derived humanistic values into tourism research and highlights the importance of aligning organizational practices with employees’ intrinsic service orientation to achieve sustainable performance.
IMPACT OF BARIATRIC SURGERY ON THE ORAL HEALTH OF PATIENTS AT A HOSPITAL IN THE CITY OF MONTES CLAROS
Objective: To evaluate the oral health conditions of individuals who underwent bariatric surgery at a private hospital in Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil, highlighting the importance of dental follow-up during the postoperative period. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study with a mixed-methods approach (qualitative and quantitative). The sample consisted of 22 female patients at 4, 12, 15, and 18 months after surgery. Data collection involved the administration of a structured questionnaire and a clinical oral examination using a dental mirror and wooden spatula. Data were analyzed using SPSS software, version 29.0, through descriptive statistics. Results: A low occurrence of gingivitis and periodontitis was observed. In contrast, a high prevalence of xerostomia (77.3%) was found, and 68.2% of the patients reported that they had not received medical guidance regarding dental follow-up after surgery. Conclusion: Although bariatric surgery is effective in controlling obesity and associated comorbidities, it may lead to oral changes, especially xerostomia, reinforcing the need for regular dental follow-up. Multidisciplinary integration among dentists, physicians, and nutritionists is essential to ensure the maintenance of oral health and the quality of life of bariatric patients.
SENTIMENTS AND ATTITUDES SHAPING AI ADOPTION: INSIGHTS FROM WORKING PROFESSIONALS IN CHINA
This study explored how Chinese working professionals’ attitudes toward AI can influence their intent to use and adopt the technology based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). This study analyzed behavioral intentions for AI from 220 part-time Chinese graduate business (MBA) students. Positive and negative emotions were determined as major factors in the Chinese working professional’s intent to use AI; positive emotions such as optimism and excitement increased the likelihood that working professionals would use AI while negative emotions such as fear and skepticism decreased this probability. Emotions were assessed by utilizing a culturally adapted version of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) scale. Results indicated that emotions toward AI were better indicators of the potential to use AI than rational assessments of the technology and occurred prior to and subsequent to cognitive assessments. These results also suggest that organizations can support responsible adoption of AI in China by promoting positive perceptions of AI and addressing related fears.
QUANDO A SUSTENTABILIDADE EXCLUI OS SUSTENTÁVEIS: BARREIRAS REGULATÓRIAS, CONTÁBEIS E TRIBUTÁRIAS PARA O ACESSO DE COMUNIDADES TRADICIONAIS AO MERCADO DE CARBONO NO BRASIL
A aprovação da Lei 15.042/2024, que institui o Sistema Brasileiro de Comércio de Emissões (SBCE), coincidiu com dois outros movimentos normativos frequentemente tratados como alheios ao debate ambiental: a adoção compulsória das normas IFRS S1 e S2 no Brasil, viabilizada pela Resolução CVM 193/2023, e a mais abrangente reforma tributária desde 1988, consolidada na EC 132/2023 e na LC 214/2025. O artigo investiga de que modo a ausência de coordenação regulatória desses três marcos cria barreiras estruturais que excluem comunidades tradicionais do acesso equitativo ao mercado de carbono, a despeito de conservarem 61% da Amazônia Legal. Por meio de análise documental e estudo de casos, identificam-se três ordens de obstáculos: regulatória, uma vez que o art. 42 da Lei 15.042/2024 garante nominalmente 50 a 70% dos benefícios às comunidades sem regulamentar mecanismos efetivos de acesso direto; contábil, porque a IFRS S2 silencia sobre a distribuição de benefícios às comunidades geradoras; tributária, já que receitas de conservação ambiental carecem de tratamento fiscal específico. Apenas 5,4% dos 166 projetos de carbono registrados no Brasil ocorrem em terras coletivas. O estudo propõe seis medidas articuladas e incorpora dimensões de gênero e colonialismo carbono ausentes do debate normativo vigente.
DIGITAL CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOUR: A SYSTEMIC REVIEW AND CALL FOR FUTURE RESEARCH
Despite the extensive research on digital consumer buying behaviour with more than 400 articles published in the last decade, the existent literature slightly lacks coherence and clarity regarding the construct to allow theory development. In this study, we reviewed 46 articles on digital consumer buying behaviour throughout 10 years 2014-2024 and extended the field in four ways. First, we revealed the conceptual clarity of digital consumer buying behaviour throughout the value-based other behavioural approaches and a new definition of chronological articulation of digital consumer buying behaviour. Second, we anchored on ten existing measures of digital consumer buying behaviour evaluating the rigour of the measures per scale development and validation. Third, we chart the theoretical and nomological framework surrounding digital consumer buying behaviour, focusing on its antecedents, consequences, moderators, and mediators. Finally, we propose a comprehensive future research agenda to further advance the field, emphasizing both theoretical and empirical progress. Overall, our review offers a thorough overview of the existing literature and outlines the direction for future research.
STUDENTS’ ATTITUDES TOWARDS THE USE OF TWITTER AS A LEARNING ENGLISH AID
Recently, many students have used Twitter. It is one of the Information and Communication Technology applications that can be used as a means of communication from which students are able to develop their English proficiency. This study aims to reveal the students’ attitude towards the use of Twitter as a means of learning English. This research used a descriptive method with a questionnaire as a data collection technique. Respondents were 100 students who took the Reading for Information class at the English Education Study Program, University of Muhammadiyah Malang, Indonesia. The questionnaire consisted of 21 statements with five choices in each, and it was designed to assess the students' attitude towards the use of Twitter. The results showed that students had a positive attitude towards the use of Twitter as a means of learning English. The students' attitudes could be broken down into three points that needed attention: first, students had a positive attitude towards Twitter as a medium to communicate in English. Second, students had a positive attitude towards Twitter as a means of improving their English vocabulary. And finally, students had a positive attitude towards Twitter as a tool to improve their skills of translating texts in English into Indonesian. This was related to Twitter as part of Information and Communication Technology that helped students to access information regarding English learning materials.
EVALUATING THE IMPACT OF COMPRESSED WORK SCHEDULES ON ACADEMIC OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY
The standard weekly workload for faculty and non-academic staff at the University under study is set at forty (40) hours, typically distributed across a five-day workweek. However, varying institutional demands often require extended or flexible schedules. This study evaluates the adaptability and effectiveness of a four-day compressed workweek compared to the traditional five-day schedule in an academic setting. Key performance indicators include university cost efficiency, operating expenses, classroom utilization, and students’ passing rates. Findings reveal that the four-day compressed workweek offers significant advantages. The University achieved over 10% savings in operating expenses, indicating improved cost efficiency. Additionally, both instructors and students experienced more than a 20% reduction in transportation and food-related expenses. A notable improvement in students’ passing rates was also observed, suggesting positive academic outcomes under the compressed schedule. Based on these results over a one-year period, the four-day compressed workweek emerges as a viable alternative to the traditional system. Nevertheless, its successful implementation requires continuous improvement of facilities, strategic class scheduling, and enhanced support mechanisms for personnel to ensure sustainability and maximize long-term benefits.
ENFORCEMENT OF FAIR ELECTION LAW IN INDONESIA
Direct elections by the people are a means of realizing people's sovereignty in order to produce a democratic state government based on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution. The 1945 Constitution in Article 1 paragraph (2) and paragraph (3) states that "sovereignty is in the hands of the people and is carried out according to the Constitution", paragraph (3) states that the State of Indonesia is a state of law. The consequence of these provisions is the implementation of the concept of people's sovereignty and the concept of the State of Law, while the concept of people's sovereignty means that the state puts the highest power in the hands of the people which is carried out according to the Constitution and the concept of the state of law, namely the administration of the state based on the law. General elections in Indonesia as one of the efforts to realize a democratic country must be carried out properly in order to create elections that are professional and have credibility that can be accounted for. Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia of 1945 Article 1 paragraph (2). The implementation of direct, public, free, confidential, honest and fair general elections can be realized if carried out by general election organizers who have integrity, professionalism and accountability. This research is a normative juridical research. Normative juridical research is a method of legal research that is carried out by examining literature materials or mere secondary materials.[1] This research is a normative or doctrinal legal research complemented by empirical data, which will examine and analyze fair law enforcement in general elections. The approach used in the research is adjusted to the problem being studied. The source of legal materials in this study comes from library research, where literature research uses primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. Primary legal materials are materials whose content is binding because they are issued by the government or institutions that have authority. And secondary legal sources are materials in the form of books and other printed materials, as well as software, namely by accessing a number of data through the internet (downloading) various books, scientific journals and research results, and tertiary legal materials are legal materials that support primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. The results obtained in this study are; Philosophically, the essence of election law enforcement is not just to punish violators, but to purify the democratic process so that the elected leaders truly represent the pure will of the people.
THE ROLE OF FARMER GROUP MEMBERSHIP IN LINKING SOCIAL CAPITAL TO SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION: EVIDENCE FROM COFFEE GROWERS IN LAMPUNG, INDONESIA
This study examines how farmer group membership (POKTAN) moderates the relationship between multidimensional social capital and the adoption of sustainable practices among coffee growers in Lampung, Indonesia. Using a cross-sectional survey of 210 smallholder farmers (105 members and 105 non-members) in Tanjung Raja and SEM analysis with SmartPLS, social networks, trust, and norms were evaluated. Results show that membership transforms rather than uniformly strengthens social capital: social networks are the strongest driver for members (path=0.576, p<0.001) versus non-members (0.278); social norms act universally, with slightly stronger effects for non-members (0.402 vs. 0.358); trust significantly influences only non-members (0.263, p<0.01), being non-significant and negative for members (-0.145), suggesting a shift toward institutional dependency. Discriminant validity issues (HTMT>1.0) indicate dimensional overlap among members. In conclusion, POKTAN membership converts informal networks into structured resources, highlighting the need for improved group governance and inclusive extension strategies to maximize social capital's impact on sustainable coffee production.
THE INITIATIVES FOR DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT IN SOMALIA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Background: Natural and man-made disasters, including drought, floods, and disease epidemics, are prevalent in Somalia. This study aims to review the emergency health responses and related interventions undertaken by the health sector in Somalia in relation to disaster risk management. Methods: A narrative review was conducted by analyzing relevant documents obtained from various sources, including Somali and international non-governmental organizations, United Nations agencies, and academic databases such as Medline, CINAHL, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Key terms were utilized to identify pertinent literature and reports on disaster management initiatives in Somalia. Results: The findings highlight a significant evolution in Somalia's disaster management system from a focus on response and recovery to an integrated approach that includes mitigation and preparedness. Notable initiatives, such as the establishment of early warning systems and therapeutic feeding programs, demonstrate improvements in the health sector's capacity to respond to emergencies. Conclusions: While emergency health responses to drought and related health challenges have improved, there remain considerable challenges in addressing other disasters, such as flooding. Further research and enhanced strategies are necessary to bolster the health system’s resilience against a broader range of hazards.
ESTÂNDARES INTERAMERICANOS, EDUCAÇÃO E PESSOAS COM DEFICIÊNCIA AUDITIVA
Analisa-se o direito à educação das pessoas com deficiência auditiva à luz do Sistema Interamericano de Direitos Humanos, com ênfase na efetividade da educação inclusiva e bilíngue no Brasil. Diante da persistência de modelos de inclusão meramente formais, formula-se o seguinte problema de pesquisa: em que medida os estândares interamericanos relativos ao direito à educação servem como parâmetro para o controle de convencionalidade das políticas públicas brasileiras voltadas à inclusão educacional de pessoas com deficiência auditiva? O objetivo geral consiste em examinar a aplicabilidade desses estândares no contexto brasileiro. Como objetivos específicos, busca-se sistematizar os parâmetros normativos do Sistema Interamericano, analisar a jurisprudência da Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos, com destaque para o caso Gonzales Lluy vs. Equador, e verificar sua aplicação sobre políticas públicas nacionais. A pesquisa justifica-se pela necessidade de concretização do Objetivo de Desenvolvimento Sustentável 4 (Educação de Qualidade), especialmente quanto à promoção de uma educação inclusiva, equitativa e acessível. Adota-se metodologia qualitativa, de caráter descritivo e analítico, baseada em revisão bibliográfica e documental, com análise de tratados internacionais, jurisprudência interamericana e legislação nacional. Conclui-se que a inobservância das dimensões de acessibilidade e adaptabilidade configura hipótese de inconvencionalidade por omissão estatal.
TECNOLOGIAS NA EDUCAÇÃO: LIMITES ÉTICOS E AS OPORTUNIDADES DO USO DA INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL NO ENSINO
O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar as oportunidades e os limites éticos do uso da inteligência artificial no contexto educacional, considerando suas implicações para o ensino e a aprendizagem. Para isso, adotou-se uma pesquisa de caráter exploratório, com abordagem qualitativa, tendo como amostra 12 profissionais da educação selecionados por conveniência. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevistas em profundidade, conduzidas com apoio de gravação, após consentimento dos participantes, e os dados foram analisados por meio da técnica de análise do discurso. Os resultados evidenciaram que a inteligência artificial é percebida como uma ferramenta com grande potencial para ampliar o acesso ao conhecimento, personalizar a aprendizagem e apoiar o trabalho docente, mas também suscita importantes preocupações éticas, como dependência tecnológica, reprodução de vieses algorítmicos, desafios à integridade acadêmica e insuficiência na formação docente. Conclui-se que, embora a IA represente avanços significativos para a educação, sua utilização requer mediação crítica, regulamentação adequada e formação continuada dos profissionais da educação.
INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL NA EDUCAÇÃO: PERSONALIZAÇÃO DO ENSINO E OS LIMITES ÉTICOS
Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar o uso da Inteligência Artificial (IA) na educação, com ênfase na personalização do ensino e nos limites éticos envolvidos. Utilizou-se o método de revisão integrativa, com levantamento de artigos publicados entre 2022 e 2024 nas bases de dados SCIELO, SCOPUS, DOAJ e Google Acadêmico, utilizando palavras-chave e operadores booleanos para selecionar artigos em português, brasileiros, gratuitos e completos. A análise dos artigos revelou que a IA tem um grande potencial para personalizar o ensino, adaptando conteúdos às necessidades individuais dos alunos e promovendo uma aprendizagem mais inclusiva e eficaz. No entanto, foram identificados desafios éticos significativos, como a privacidade dos dados dos alunos, a transparência dos algoritmos e o risco de discriminação algorítmica, os quais necessitam de uma abordagem cuidadosa e responsável para garantir que a IA seja utilizada de forma ética e inclusiva no contexto educacional. A pesquisa destacou também a importância da formação contínua dos educadores e da infraestrutura adequada para a implementação dessas tecnologias de forma equitativa e eficaz.
RESIDÊNCIA MÉDICA COMO ESPAÇO DE FORMAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL: DESAFIOS E PERSPECTIVAS NA CONSTRUÇÃO DA PRÁTICA CLÍNICA
A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar a residência médica como espaço de formação profissional, com ênfase nos desafios e perspectivas envolvidos na construção da prática clínica. Trata-se de um estudo de natureza exploratória, com abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvido a partir de entrevistas realizadas com 10 envolvidos em residência médica. As entrevistas foram guiadas por um roteiro previamente elaborado, contemplando dimensões como carga de trabalho, supervisão, desenvolvimento da prática clínica, impactos emocionais, estrutura institucional, relações interpessoais, aprendizagem prática e humanização do cuidado. Os resultados evidenciaram que a residência médica é marcada por intensa carga de trabalho, fragilidades na supervisão, elevados níveis de estresse e desgaste emocional, além de limitações estruturais nos serviços. Por outro lado, também se destacou como um espaço fundamental para o desenvolvimento da autonomia profissional, aquisição de competências clínicas e aprendizagem prática intensiva, ainda que permeada por desafios de ordem institucional e psicossocial.
CORONARIOPATIA PREVENÍVEL: ANÁLISE CLÍNICO-EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DA DOENÇA ARTERIAL CORONARIANA E DOS FATORES DE RISCO MODIFICÁVEIS NA PREVENÇÃO DE EVENTOS CARDIOVASCULARES
A doença arterial coronariana permanece como uma das principais causas de morbimortalidade no mundo, fortemente associada a fatores de risco modificáveis como hipertensão, dislipidemia, tabagismo, sedentarismo e alimentação inadequada. O presente estudo tem como objeto de análise a relação entre os determinantes clínico-epidemiológicos e os fatores de risco modificáveis na prevenção de eventos cardiovasculares em populações adultas. Diante disso, estabelece-se como pergunta de partida: de que maneira a identificação e o controle dos fatores de risco modificáveis podem reduzir a incidência e a gravidade dos eventos cardiovasculares associados à doença arterial coronariana? Teoricamente, fizemos uso dos trabalhos de Manisha, Anuradha e Reddy (2025), Yildiz, Seyrek e Ulusoy (2015), Keys (1980), Esselstyn (2007), Handler e Coghlan (2008), Labarthe (2011), Ornish (1996), Ornish e Ornish (2019), Rose (2008), Foody (2001), Willett e Skerrett (2017), Malhotra e O’Neill (2017), Topol (2012; 2015; 2019), Walsh, Fang e Fuster (2013), Kendrick (2008; 2015), Longo (2018), Safar e Frohlich (2007), Ravnskov (2014), Fuster e Kelly (2010), Krumholz (2005), Simopoulos (2005), entre outros. A pesquisa é qualitativa (Minayo, 2007), descritiva e bibliográfica (Gil, 2008) e com o viés analítico compreensivo (Weber, 1949). Os achados indicam que a identificação precoce e o controle integrado dos fatores de risco modificáveis alteram significativamente o curso da doença arterial coronariana, reduzindo tanto a incidência quanto a gravidade dos eventos cardiovasculares. Evidenciou-se que intervenções combinadas, envolvendo mudanças no estilo de vida e terapias clínicas, atuam sobre os mecanismos fisiopatológicos da aterosclerose, promovendo maior estabilidade das lesões e menor ocorrência de eventos agudos. Além disso, a abordagem baseada no risco cardiovascular global mostrou-se mais eficaz do que a análise isolada de fatores, orientando estratégias preventivas mais consistentes em nível individual e populacional.