SUSTENTABILIDADE DA PESCA ARTESANAL: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DA LITERATURA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18623/rvd.v23.8133Keywords:
Sustentabilidade, Governança, Pesca Artesanal, Desenvolvimento SustentávelAbstract
A sustentabilidade da pesca artesanal constitui um importante desafio diante das recentes transformações socioeconômicas, ambientais e climáticas, além da crescente exploração dos recursos pesqueiros. Este trabalho realizou uma revisão sistemática da literatura relativa à sustentabilidade da pesca artesanal, identificando as diferentes abordagens metodológicas, as diversas dimensões da sustentabilidade e as principais lacunas do conhecimento. O estudo considerou o protocolo PRISMA, adotando as bases de dados Scopus, Web of Science e SciELO. Foram aplicados critérios de elegibilidade e exclusão, sendo selecionados 22 artigos, publicados entre 2014 e 2023, que se adequaram a proposta do estudo e foram utilizados na análise qualitativa. Os resultados demonstraram que a sustentabilidade da pesca artesanal possui caráter multidimensional, baseado na integração da gestão participativa, conservação dos estoques pesqueiros, modelos de avaliação, bem como de abordagens socioeconômicas, valorização de conhecimentos tradicionais e adaptação às transformações climáticas e ambientais, com participação ativa dos pescadores. Foram identificadas limitações metodológicas e lacunas relativas à padronização de indicadores, assim como da inclusão das características territoriais específicas das comunidades pesqueiras. Conclui-se que as avaliações integradas e participativas são elementos indispensáveis de fomento, inserção de políticas públicas e governança, fortalecendo o desenvolvimento de estratégias direcionadas ao desenvolvimento sustentável da pesca artesanal.
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