THE EVOLUTION OF LAW CONCEPT OF INFORMATION: FROM PHILOSOPHICAL ABSTRACTION TO QUANTUM INFORMATION AND CRYPTOGRAPHY IN THE CONTEXT OF GROWING CYBER THREATS AND THE TRANSITION TO POST-QUANTUM SECURITY METHOD

Abstract

The article examines the significant transformation of the concept of information and its impact on modern security technologies. Until the middle of the 20th century, the concept of information was considered as a philosophical category related to the transfer of knowledge and meaning. With the advent of Claude Shannon's communication theory, information was reinterpreted as a measurable and transferable quantity, which opened up new horizons for the development of fields such as coding theory and cybernetics. The introduction of the bit as a unit of information measurement allowed for a more accurate analysis of data transmission processes. Landauer and Bennett's research has shown that information has a physical nature, closely related to energy and entropy. In recent decades, the concept of information has begun to play an important role in quantum theory, which has given rise to such areas as quantum information and quantum cryptography. In the face of increasing cybersecurity threats, quantum cryptography can become a reliable basis for protecting critical information systems. Existing post-quantum algorithms, although they have larger keys, can serve as a substitute for traditional security systems. The development of new standards and the transition to post-quantum security methods are becoming important steps to ensure data security in the near future. Quantum cryptography offers not only adaptation to new challenges, but also a fundamentally new level of security previously inaccessible to classical cryptographic systems, which makes it a key element for data protection in the future. Conclusion. The presented work demonstrates the evolution of the concept of information from a philosophical abstraction to a practical and measurable entity in the field of computer science, physics and cryptography. The article highlights the importance of quantum cryptography as a means of protection against future threats in the field of cybersecurity, offering both a theoretical and practical basis for protecting critical information. Taking into account the further development of quantum information science, its impact on data security and protection will have a significant impact on the formation of future cybersecurity strategies in various industries.