JUVENILE JUSTICE IN VIETNAM - PERCEPTION OF THE ROLES OF STAKEHOLDERS

Abstract

The principle of the best interests of the child constitutes a cornerstone of juvenile justice globally and is embedded in both international legal instruments and Vietnam’s domestic legal framework. However, translating this principle into practice remains a formidable challenge, particularly in contexts where inter-agency coordination and professional training are inconsistent. This study investigates how the best interests of the child are operationalized by key stakeholders in the juvenile justice system of Vietnam, including police officers, prosecutors, judges, lawyers, legal aid practitioners, social workers, youth union officials, and other child-focused personnel. Drawing on quantitative data from a structured survey of 442 respondents across various levels of government and professional domains, the research examines both the depth of adherence to this principle and the patterns of inter-professional collaboration in real-world case handling. Findings reveal considerable variation in the understanding and implementation of the child’s best interests among different actors, with some professions demonstrating more consistent alignment than others. Furthermore, while collaboration is acknowledged as essential, the actual degree of cooperation remains fragmented and often informal, limiting the effectiveness of a child-centered justice approach. This paper argues for institutional reforms that enhance stakeholder capacity, foster standardized procedural coordination, and promote a unified framework for upholding the rights and welfare of minors in conflict with the law.